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  2. Tremie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremie

    The tremie concrete placement method uses a vertical or nearly vertical pipe, through which concrete is placed by gravity feed below water level. [4]The lower end of the pipe is kept immersed in fresh concrete so that concrete rising from the bottom displaces the water above it, thus limiting washing out of the cement content of the fresh concrete at the exposed upper surface.

  3. Concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete

    Concrete is a composite material composed of aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that cures to a solid over time. Concrete is the second-most-used substance in the world after water, [1] and is the most widely used building material. [2] Its usage worldwide, ton for ton, is twice that of steel, wood, plastics, and aluminium combined. [3]

  4. Precast concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precast_concrete

    A precast concrete walled house under construction An example of low-quality precast concrete with exposed dowels, connectors, indications of cracks, and malformations, even during its installation, Barangay Lantic, Carmona, Cavite, Philippines Interior view of the walls, supports, and roof of a precast commercial shop in Williston, North Dakota, US.

  5. Slip forming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slip_forming

    The first residential building of slipform construction; erected in 1950 in Västertorp, Sweden, by AB Bygging Later picture of the residential building in Västertorp. Slip forming, continuous poured, continuously formed, or slipform construction is a construction method in which concrete is placed into a form that may be in continuous motion horizontally, or incrementally raised vertically.

  6. Caisson (engineering) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caisson_(engineering)

    Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.

  7. Concrete slab - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_slab

    A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings, consisting of a flat, horizontal surface made of cast concrete. Steel- reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving ( see below ).

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  9. Column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column

    A reinforced concrete column is extended by having the steel reinforcing bars protrude a few inches or feet above the top of the concrete, then placing the next level of reinforcing bars to overlap, and pouring the concrete of the next level. A steel column is extended by welding or bolting splice plates on the flanges and webs or walls of the ...