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Xylitol occurs naturally in small amounts in plums, strawberries, cauliflower, and pumpkin; humans and many other animals make trace amounts during metabolism of carbohydrates. [10] Unlike most sugar alcohols, xylitol is achiral. [12] Most other isomers of pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol are chiral, but xylitol has a plane of symmetry.
Sugar alcohols can be, and often are, produced from renewable resources.Particular feedstocks are starch, cellulose and hemicellulose; the main conversion technologies use H 2 as the reagent: hydrogenolysis, i.e. the cleavage of C−O single bonds, converting polymers to smaller molecules, and hydrogenation of C=O double bonds, converting sugars to sugar alcohols.
Xylooligosaccharides act as a prebiotic, [3] [4] selectively feeding beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli within the digestive tract. A large number of clinical trials have been conducted with XOS, demonstrating a variety of health benefits, including improvements in blood sugars and lipids, digestive health benefits ...
Similar to xylitol, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates are not readily fermented by oral bacteria and are used to formulate sugarless products that do not promote dental caries. HSHs are also more slowly absorbed in the digestive tract, thus, have a reduced glycemic potential relative to glucose.
Sucrose (table sugar) is the prototypical example of a sweet substance. Sucrose in solution has a sweetness perception rating of 1, and other substances are rated relative to this. [ 13 ] For example, another sugar, fructose , is somewhat sweeter, being rated at 1.7 times the sweetness of sucrose. [ 13 ]
Xylose. D-Xylose is a five-carbon aldose (pentose, monosaccharide) that can be catabolized or metabolized into useful products by a variety of organisms.There are at least four different pathways for the catabolism of D-xylose: An oxido-reductase pathway is present in eukaryotic microorganisms.
Xylitol pentacetate is an organic compound with the formula C 15 H 22 O 10. It is an acetylated sugar alcohol that is used as an intermediary in the production of xylitol pentanitrate . [ 2 ] It is also commonly made to isolate and identify xylitol from complex organic mixtures.
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