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The discovery of diamond-bearing kimberlites in the 1870s in Kimberley sparked a diamond rush, transforming the area into one of the world’s largest diamond-producing regions. Since then, the association between kimberlites and diamonds has been crucial in the search for new diamond deposits around the globe. [22] [23]
The toughness of natural diamond has been measured as 50–65 MPa·m 1/2. [contradictory] [34] [35] This value is good compared to other ceramic materials, but poor compared to most engineering materials such as engineering alloys, which typically exhibit toughness over 80 MPa·m 1/2. As with any material, the macroscopic geometry of a diamond ...
Bort, boart, or boort is an umbrella term used in the diamond industry to refer to shards of non-gem-grade/quality diamonds.In the manufacturing and heavy industries, "bort" is used to describe dark, imperfectly formed or crystallized diamonds of varying levels of opacity.
There are a limited number of commercially available diamond mines currently operating in the world, with the 50 largest mines accounting for approximately 90% of global supply. [1] Diamonds are also mined alluvially over disperse areas, where diamonds have been eroded out of the ground, deposited, and concentrated by water or weather action.
Diamond is a good electrical insulator, having a resistivity of 100 GΩ⋅m to 1 EΩ⋅m [32] (1.0 × 10 11 – 1.0 × 10 18 Ω⋅m), and is famous for its wide bandgap of 5.47 eV. High carrier mobilities [ 33 ] and high electric breakdown field [ 34 ] at room temperature are also important characteristics of diamond.
Exploration diamond drilling differs from other geological drilling (such as Reverse Circulation (RC) Drilling [3]) in that a solid core is extracted from depth, for examination on the surface. The key technology of the diamond drill is the actual diamond bit itself. [4] It is composed of industrial diamonds set into a soft metallic matrix.
The mining industry of Sierra Leone accounted for 4.5 percent of the country's GDP in 2007 [1] and minerals made up 79 percent of total export revenue with diamonds accounting for 46 percent of export revenue in 2008. [2] The main minerals mined in Sierra Leone are diamonds, rutile, bauxite, gold, iron and limonite.
It is translucent and brownish-yellow and has an index of refraction of 2.40–2.41 and a specific gravity of 3.2–3.3 . Its hardness is theoretically superior to that of cubic diamond (up to 58% more), according to computational simulations, but natural specimens exhibited somewhat lower hardness through a large range of values (from 7–8 on ...