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When treated with water, beryllium chloride forms a tetrahydrate, BeCl 2 •4H 2 O ([Be(H 2 O) 4]Cl 2).BeCl 2 is also soluble in some ethers. [7] [8]When suspended in diethyl ether, beryllium chloride converts to the colorless dietherate: [9]
The "size" of the charge in an ionic bond depends on the number of electrons transferred. An aluminum atom, for example, with a +3 charge has a relatively large positive charge. That positive charge then exerts an attractive force on the electron cloud of the other ion, which has accepted the electrons from the aluminum (or other) positive ion.
This higher ionic character and bond polarization tends to produce high coordination numbers and many compounds (particularly dialklys) are polymeric in solid or liquid states with highly complex structures in solution, though in the gaseous state they are often monomeric. Metallocene compounds with group 2 elements are rare, but some do exist.
In chemistry, the common-ion effect refers to the decrease in solubility of an ionic precipitate by the addition to the solution of a soluble compound with an ion in common with the precipitate. [1] This behaviour is a consequence of Le Chatelier's principle for the equilibrium reaction of the ionic association / dissociation .
Electrons in an ionic bond tend to be mostly found around one of the two constituent atoms due to the large electronegativity difference between the two atoms, generally more than 1.9, (greater difference in electronegativity results in a stronger bond); this is often described as one atom giving electrons to the other. [5]
Although an amphiprotic species must be amphoteric, the converse is not true. For example, a metal oxide such as zinc oxide, ZnO, contains no hydrogen and so cannot donate a proton. Nevertheless, it can act as an acid by reacting with the hydroxide ion, a base: ZnO + 2 OH − + H 2 O → [Zn(OH) 4] 2−. Zinc oxide can also act as a base:
In chemistry, electron deficiency (and electron-deficient) is jargon that is used in two contexts: chemical species that violate the octet rule because they have too few valence electrons and species that happen to follow the octet rule but have electron-acceptor properties, forming donor-acceptor charge-transfer salts.
Diethylberyllium, however, does not structurally resemble diethylmagnesium (which has the same structure as dimethylmagnesium). [6] This contrast is attributed to the small size of Be relative to its heavier congener Mg: Be is one of the smallest atoms on the periodic table. [7] Dineopentylberyllium and many other dialkyl derivatives has been ...