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Osmotic pressure is the minimum pressure which needs to be applied to a solution to ... can be used to calculate Pitzer ... For example, 1 mole of NaCl ionises to 2 ...
The van 't Hoff factor i (named after Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff) is a measure of the effect of a solute on colligative properties such as osmotic pressure, relative lowering in vapor pressure, boiling-point elevation and freezing-point depression.
Osmotic concentration, formerly known as osmolarity, [1] is the measure of solute concentration, defined as the number of osmoles (Osm) of solute per litre (L) of solution (osmol/L or Osm/L). The osmolarity of a solution is usually expressed as Osm/L (pronounced "osmolar"), in the same way that the molarity of a solution is expressed as "M ...
The rate at which fluid is filtered across vascular endothelium (transendothelial filtration) is determined by the sum of two outward forces, capillary pressure and colloid osmotic pressure beneath the endothelial glycocalyx (), and two absorptive forces, plasma protein osmotic pressure and interstitial pressure (). The Starling equation is the ...
The pressure of the solvent compartment is directly changed by raising or lowering a reservoir of solvent connected to the solvent compartment. [2] The pressure difference between the two compartments is the osmotic pressure. This can be calculate by measuring the change in height or measured directly with a flexible diaphragm. [2]
The osmotic pressure is proportional to the concentration of solute particles ci and is therefore a colligative property. As with the other colligative properties, this equation is a consequence of the equality of solvent chemical potentials of the two phases in equilibrium.
Typical examples are: measurements of vapour pressure, freezing point, osmotic pressure (indirect methods) and measurement of electric potential in cells (direct method).
Osmotic pressure for a polymer solution in two regimes of interaction parameter Schematic of the binodal and spinodal curves for a semi-dilute polymer solution. The light blue region indicates a metastable solution where phase separation occurs and the white region corresponds to well-mixed states.