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Hysteroscopy involves visualising the endometrium (inner lining of the uterus) and polyp with a camera inserted through the cervix. Large polyps can be cut into sections before each section is removed. [7] The presence of cancerous cells may suggest a hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus). [3]
Hysteroscopy has been carried out in hospitals, surgical centers and doctors' offices. It is best carried out when the endometrium is relatively thin, that is after a menstruation. Both diagnostic and simple operative hysteroscopy can be carried out in an office or clinic setting on suitably selected patients. Local anesthesia can be used.
Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus and cervix.Supracervical hysterectomy refers to removal of the uterus while the cervix is spared. These procedures may also involve removal of the ovaries (oophorectomy), fallopian tubes (salpingectomy), and other surrounding structures.
Menopause is defined as one year from a person’s final menstrual period, and the average age is 51.5. There’s a lot more to it than a one-year anniversary of your last period, though; there ...
Perimenopause is a period of seven to 10 years before the total cessation of menses—starting as early as 35—that is marked by wild fluctuations in hormone levels; for example, your estrogen ...
Menopause occurs when menstrual cycles cease. In the years before and after menopause, the body undergoes many changes, leading to symptoms that may include hot flashes, emotional changes, and ...
Menopause is the opposite of menarche, the time when a girl's periods start. [12] In the years before menopause, a woman's periods typically become irregular, [13] [14] which means that periods may be longer or shorter in duration or be lighter or heavier in the amount of flow. [13]
After menopause, the uterine structures involute and the functional squamocolumnar junction moves into the cervical canal. [ 17 ] : 41 Nabothian cysts (or Nabothian follicles) form in the transformation zone where the lining of metaplastic epithelium has replaced mucous epithelium and caused a strangulation of the outlet of some of the mucous ...