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The Numbered Treaties (or Post-Confederation Treaties) are a series of eleven treaties signed between the First Nations, one of three groups of Indigenous Peoples in Canada, and the reigning monarch of Canada (Victoria, Edward VII or George V) from 1871 to 1921. [1]
From 1992 to 2009 there have been a few treaties completed including the Maa-nulth First Nations Treaty signed on April 9, 2009, [10] and the Tsawwassen First Nation Treaty signed on April 3, 2009. [7] Another Treaty was ratified outside the BC Treaty process in 1999, the Nisga'a Treaty. [11]
Treaty Group Name Modern First Nation (band government) Date Land covered by Treaty Money exchanged for land Ref Teechamitsa Esquimalt First Nation: 29 April 1850 Country lying between Esquimalt and Point Albert £27 10 shillings (UK £3,714 in 2025) [7] Kosampson Esquimalt First Nation: 30 April 1850 Esquimalt Peninsula and Colquitz Valley
Prince Arthur with the Chiefs of the Six Nations at the Mohawk Chapel, Brantford, 1869. The association between Indigenous peoples in Canada and the Canadian Crown is both statutory and traditional, the treaties being seen by the first peoples both as legal contracts and as perpetual and personal promises by successive reigning kings and queens to protect the welfare of Indigenous peoples ...
Treaty 3 was an agreement entered into on October 3, 1873, by Chief Mikiseesis (Little Eagle) [1] on behalf of the Ojibwe First Nations and Queen Victoria.The treaty involved a vast tract of Ojibwe territory, including large parts of what is now northwestern Ontario and a small part of eastern Manitoba, to the Government of Canada. [2]
The Huu-ay-aht First Nations is a First Nations based on Pachena Bay about 300 km (190 mi) northwest of Victoria, British Columbia on the west coast of Vancouver Island, in Canada. The traditional territories of the Huu-ay-aht make up the watershed of the Sarita River . [ 1 ]
The Lekwungen peoples (natively lək̓ʷəŋən) are an Coast Salish people who reside on southeastern Vancouver Island, British Columbia in the Greater Victoria area. They are represented by the Songhees and Esquimalt First Nations. Their traditional language is Lekwungen, a dialect of the North Straits Salish language.
The 2023 Victorian First Peoples' Assembly election, advertised as the 2023 Treaty election, was held June 2023 to elect 22 members to the First Peoples' Assembly in the Australian state of Victoria. The election filled 22 of 32 seats to the body, which was charged with the responsibility of negotiating a treaty between the state's government ...