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Confucius's moral system was based upon empathy and understanding others, rather than divinely ordained rules. To develop one's spontaneous responses of rén so that these could guide action intuitively was even better than living by the rules of yì. Confucius asserts that virtue is a mean between extremes.
The Mao Tradition of the Poetry (毛詩傳 Máo shī zhuàn), attributed to an obscure scholar named Máo Hēng (毛亨) who lived during the 2nd or 3rd centuries BCE, [33] was not officially recognized until the reign of Emperor Ping (1 BCE to 6 CE). [34] However, during the Eastern Han period, the Mao Poetry gradually became the primary ...
Throughout the Analects, Confucius's students frequently request that Confucius define ren and give examples of people who embody it, but Confucius generally responds indirectly to his students' questions, instead offering illustrations and examples of behaviours that are associated with ren and explaining how a person could achieve it.
The title of the work Zi bu yu refers to the passage of the Analects of Confucius [4] that states, "The topics the Master did not speak of were prodigies, force, disorder and gods". [5] His reference to the master was criticised as a 'heretical' use of Confucian texts.
A longer version of the Documents was said to be discovered in the wall of Confucius's family estate in Qufu by his descendant Kong Anguo in the late 2nd century BC. This new material was referred to as " Old Script " ( gǔwén 古文 ), because they were written in the script that predated the standardization of Chinese script during the Qin.
The first four verses state the core credo of Confucianism, that is, that human nature is inherently good, as developed by Mencius, considered one of the most influential traditional Chinese philosophers after Confucius. [3] 人之初 (rén zhī chū) People at birth, 性本善 (xìng běn shàn) Are naturally good (kind-hearted).
Confucius himself was a ritual and sacrificial master. [43] Answering to a disciple who asked whether it is better to sacrifice to the god of the stove or to the god of the family (a popular saying), in 3.13 Confucius says that to appropriately pray gods one should first know and respect Heaven.
Sun Yat-sen came from the same area as Hong and was said to have identified with Hong since his childhood days. [ 56 ] To honor his legacy, the People's Republic of China established a small museum in 1959, the "Hong Xiuquan's Former Residence Memorial Museum" ( 洪秀全故居紀念館 ), in his birthplace, where there is a longan tree planted ...