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The most common cause of non-duodenal intestinal atresia is a vascular accident in utero that leads to decreased intestinal perfusion and ischemia of the respective segment of bowel. [3] This leads to narrowing, or in the most severe cases, complete obliteration of the intestinal lumen .
The intestinal atresia is of the "apple-peel" type, an uncommon type in which the remaining portion of the intestine is found twisted around its main artery, and this usually affects the jejunum. [2] [3] Often, much of the bowel is missing in this form of atresia. [9] There can sometimes also be intestinal malrotation. [2] [3] [8] [11]
Short bowel syndrome in adults and children is most commonly caused by surgery (intestinal resection). [4] In those who undergo intestinal resection, approximately 15% eventually develop small bowel syndrome (75% of those due to 1 large resection and 25% due to multiple separate intestinal resections). [4] This surgery may be done for:
Bowel obstruction, also known as intestinal obstruction, is a mechanical or functional obstruction of the intestines which prevents the normal movement of the products of digestion. [2] [5] Either the small bowel or large bowel may be affected. [1] Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, bloating and not passing gas. [1]
The majority of cases are small intestinal atresia, while colonic atresias are uncommon. [14] There have been two main etiologies proposed for intestinal atresia: the first is a lack of re-vacuolization of the solid cord stage of intestinal development, and the second is a late intrauterine mesenteric vascular accident.
Intussusception is a medical condition in which a part of the intestine folds into the section immediately ahead of it. [1] It typically involves the small intestine and less commonly the large intestine. [1] Symptoms include abdominal pain which may come and go, vomiting, abdominal bloating, and bloody stool. [1]
Symptoms include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, vomiting, constipation, and bloody stool. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Onset of symptoms may be rapid or more gradual. [ 2 ] The mesentery may become so tightly twisted that blood flow to part of the intestine is cut off, resulting in ischemic bowel . [ 1 ]
The procedure involves counterclockwise detorsion of the bowel, surgical division of Ladd's bands (shown in image), widening of the small intestine's mesentery, performing an appendectomy, and reorientation of the small bowel on the right and the cecum and colon on the left (the appendectomy is performed so as not to be confused by atypical ...