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The term grey literature acts as a collective noun to refer to a large number of publications types produced by organizations for various reasons. These include research and project reports, annual or activity reports, theses, conference proceedings, preprints, working papers, newsletters, technical reports, recommendations and technical standards, patents, technical notes, data and statistics ...
Meta-analyses and systematic reviews can account for publication bias by including evidence from unpublished studies and the grey literature. The presence of publication bias can also be explored by constructing a funnel plot in which the estimate of the reported effect size is plotted against a measure of precision or sample size.
Technical reports, for minor research results and engineering and design work (including computer software), round out the primary literature. Secondary sources in the sciences include articles in review journals (which provide a synthesis of research articles on a topic to highlight advances and new lines of research), and books for large ...
The Grey Literature International Steering Committee (GLISC) was established in 2006 after the 7th International Conference on Grey Literature (GL7) held in Nancy (France) on 5–6 December 2005. [ 1 ]
Grey literature is any scholarly or policy material produced outside of traditional academia and not published in traditional academic journals or books. It is "That which is produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in print and electronic formats, but which is not controlled by commercial publishers", [1] and consists of research and deliberations published in ...
A research design typically outlines the theories and models underlying a project; the research question(s) of a project; a strategy for gathering data and information; and a strategy for producing answers from the data. [1] A strong research design yields valid answers to research questions while weak designs yield unreliable, imprecise or ...
Books, technical reports, pamphlets, and working papers issued by individual researchers or research organizations on their own initiative; these are sometimes organized into a series. Literature may also be published in areas considered to be "grey", as they are published outside of traditional channels. [1]
Luzi D. Trends and evolution in the development of grey literature: a review. International Journal on Grey Literature, 2000, vol. 1, n° 3, p. 106 – 117. Pilling S. Dr Wood, I presume! Interlending & Document Supply, 2001, vol 29, n° 2, p. 59–62. Schöpfel J. MetaGrey Europe, A Proposal in the Aftermath of EAGLE-SIGLE.