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Dexamethasone is a fluorinated glucocorticoid medication [10] used to treat rheumatic problems, a number of skin diseases, severe allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), croup, brain swelling, eye pain following eye surgery, superior vena cava syndrome (a complication of some forms of cancer), [11] and along with antibiotics in tuberculosis. [10]
The glucocorticoid activity of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone is very weak (>100-fold less than that of cortisol). [ 1 ] The above list includes precursors and intermediates in corticosteroid biosynthesis .
Topical steroids are the topical forms of corticosteroids.Topical steroids are the most commonly prescribed topical medications for the treatment of rash and eczema.Topical steroids have anti-inflammatory properties and are classified based on their skin vasoconstrictive abilities. [1]
Δ 7-Prednisolone 21-acetate; Alclometasone dipropionate; Amcinonide (triamcinolone acetate cyclopentanonide); Chloroprednisone acetate; Ciclometasone (a corticosteroid 21-[4-[(acetylamino)methyl]cyclohexyl]carboxylate ester)
Dexamethasone – a synthetic glucocorticoid binds more powerfully to the glucocorticoid receptor than cortisol does. Dexamethasone is based on the cortisol structure but differs at three positions (extra double bond in the A-ring between carbons 1 and 2 and addition of a 9-α-fluoro group and a 16-α-methyl substituent).
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, as well as the synthetic analogues of these hormones.Two main classes of corticosteroids, glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism ...
Compared to hydrocortisone, prednisolone is about 4 times as potent and dexamethasone about 40 times as potent in terms of anti-inflammatory effect. [23] Prednisolone can also be used as cortisol replacement, and at replacement dose levels (rather than anti-inflammatory levels), prednisolone is about 8 times more potent than cortisol. [24]
Some synthetic steroids are weaker or stronger than the natural steroids whose receptors they activate. [8] Some examples of synthetic steroid hormones: Glucocorticoids: alclometasone, prednisone, dexamethasone, triamcinolone, cortisone; Mineralocorticoid: fludrocortisone; Vitamin D: dihydrotachysterol
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