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The Duncan Segregation Index is a measure of occupational segregation based on gender that measures whether there is a larger than expected presence of one gender over another in a given occupation or labor force by identifying the percentage of employed women (or men) who would have to change occupations for the occupational distribution of men and women to be equal.
Duncan's D is calculated using this formula: [37] = (/) = () It is important to note that Duncan's D uses percentages. In a given occupation, the number of a certain demographic in that occupation should be divided by the total number of the same demographic in all of the occupations.
The index score can also be interpreted as the percentage of one of the two groups included in the calculation that would have to move to different geographic areas in order to produce a distribution that matches that of the larger area. The index of dissimilarity can be used as a measure of segregation. A score of zero (0%) reflects a fully ...
Otis Dudley Duncan advocated for quantitative social science in the second half of the twentieth century. His key scholarly contributions include the introduction of path analysis to sociology; the measurement of occupational socioeconomic standing with an index (Duncan Socioeconomic Index); the study of intergenerational occupational mobility; the spatial analysis of residential patterns; the ...
As such, for two objects and having descriptors, the similarity is defined as: = = =, where the are non-negative weights and is the similarity between the two objects regarding their -th variable. In spectral clustering , a similarity, or affinity, measure is used to transform data to overcome difficulties related to lack of convexity in the ...
Morisita's overlap index, named after Masaaki Morisita, is a statistical measure of dispersion of individuals in a population. It is used to compare overlap among samples (Morisita 1959). This formula is based on the assumption that increasing the size of the samples will increase the diversity because it will include different habitats (i.e ...
The LH index is also related to the dissimilarity index of segregation. All three indexes are special cases of the more general Δ {\displaystyle \Delta } index of dissimilarity. [ 5 ] The LH index is related to the amount of wasted vote , which only measures the difference between votes cast and seats obtained for parties which did not obtain ...
The loop in step 3 is executed for () pairs, and involves computing the silhouette in (), hence this algorithm needs () time, where i is the number of iterations. Because this is a fairly expensive operation, the authors propose to also use the medoid-based silhouette, and call the resulting algorithm PAMMEDSIL. [ 7 ]