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Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), density relative to extracellular water, is a type of lipoprotein made by the liver. [1] VLDL is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein) that enable fats and cholesterol to move within the water-based solution of the bloodstream.
Nascent VLDL particles are released into the bloodstream via a process that depends upon apolipoprotein B-100. In the blood stream, nascent VLDL particles bump with HDL particles; as a result, HDL particles donate apolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein E to the nascent VLDL particle. Once loaded with apolipoproteins C-II and E, the nascent VLDL ...
[2] [5] Remnant cholesterol is primarily chylomicron and VLDL, and each remnant particle contains about 40 times more cholesterol than LDL. [6] Remnant cholesterol corresponds to all cholesterol not found in high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C). It is calculated as total cholesterol minus HDL-C and LDL-C. [7]
A fish oil supplement can also be used as it has been shown to incur a significant reduction to both triglyceride and VLDL levels. [7] If properly managed, individuals with familial hypertriglyceridemia have a fairly good prognosis. If therapy is successful, these individuals do not have uncontrolled severe triglycerides and VLDL.
Chylomicron structure ApoA, ApoB, ApoC, ApoE (apolipoproteins); T (triacylglycerol); C (cholesterol); green (phospholipids). Chylomicrons transport lipids absorbed from the intestine to adipose, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissue, where their triglyceride components are hydrolyzed by the activity of the lipoprotein lipase, allowing the released free fatty acids to be absorbed by the tissues.
Viva La Dirt League (VLDL) are a New Zealand group of professional sketch comedy YouTubers. [2] The founding members are Rowan Bettjeman, Alan Morrison and Adam King, but their productions have featured other regular cast members such as Byron Coll, Hamish Parkinson, David Correos, Britt Scott Clark, [3] Ben Van Lier, [4] Ellie Harwood, [5] Phoenix Cross, Rhiannon McCall, Rory Nolan and Robert ...
With a size ranging from 5 to 17 nm, HDL is the smallest of the lipoprotein particles. [2] It is the densest because it contains the highest proportion of protein to lipids. [2] Its most abundant apolipoproteins are apo A-I and apo A-II.
Palmitoleic acid, or (9Z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid, is an omega-7 monounsaturated fatty acid (16:1n-7) with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 5 CH=CH(CH 2) 7 COOH. It is a rare component of fats. [1] It is a common constituent of the glycerides of human adipose tissue. [citation needed] It is present in all tissues but, in general, found in higher ...