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A quadruple jump or quad is a figure skating jump with at least four (but fewer than five) revolutions. [1] All quadruple jumps have four revolutions, except for the quadruple Axel, which has four and a half revolutions. The quadruple toe loop and quadruple Salchow are the two most commonly performed quads.
Browning performing "Singin' in the Rain" in Art on Ice 2014Kurt Browning CM (born June 18, 1966) is a Canadian figure skater, choreographer and commentator.He is the first skater to land a ratified quadruple jump in competition.
The toe loop jump is the simplest jump in figure skating. [37] It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes. [38] In competition the base value of a single toe loop is 0.40; the base value of a double toe loop is 1.30; the base value of a triple toe loop is 4.20; and the base value of a quadruple toe loop is 9 ...
The latest amendment, adopted by the ISU in June 2018, states that "of all triple and quadruple jumps only two can be executed twice" and "of the two repetitions only one can be a quadruple jump". [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The unofficial name of the rule refers to Elaine Zayak , who gained an athletic advantage by performing multiple double Axels and triple ...
Surya Varuna Claudine Bonaly was born in Nice, France, on 15 December 1973. [1] Her birth name was Claudine; when she was adopted out of an orphanage at the age of eight months by Suzanne Bonaly, a physical education teacher in Nice, and Georges Bonaly, a draftsman who worked for the French government, she was named after the Hindu deities Surya and Varuna.
Additionally, the difference in base value between a triple Axel and a triple Lutz is 2.2 points, whereas between a quadruple toe and a triple Axel it is only 1.6 points. The degree of difficulty, however, between a triple Axel and a quad is greater than the degree of difficulty between a triple Lutz and a triple Axel. [citation needed]
Pair lift groups [5]; Groups Position Notes One: Armpit hold position: Two: Waist hold position: If the lift is accomplished with a simple loop-type take-off and the woman position is vertical, with her head up facing either direction and with no other variations, the lift is categorized as a Group Two position; any other position by the woman is categorized as a Group Three position.
The toe loop jump is the simplest jump in the sport of figure skating.It was invented in the 1920s by American professional figure skater Bruce Mapes.The toe loop is accomplished by skating forward on the inside edge of the blade; the skater then switches to a backward-facing position before their takeoff, which is accomplished from a back outside edge with assistance from the toe pick on the ...