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2. Light-emitting diode - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode

   High-power light-emitting diodes attached to an LED star base (Luxeon, Lumileds See also: Solid-state lighting , LED lamp , and Thermal management of high-power LEDs High-power LEDs (HP-LEDs) or high-output LEDs (HO-LEDs) can be driven at currents from hundreds of mA to more than an ampere, compared with the tens of mA for other LEDs.

3. Light-emitting diode physics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode_physics

   Cree's XLamp XM-L LEDs, commercially available in 2011, produce 100 lm/W at their full power of 10 W, and up to 160 lm/W at around 2 W input power. In 2012, Cree announced a white LED giving 254 lm/W, [10] and 303 lm/W in March 2014. [11] Practical general lighting needs high-power LEDs, of one watt or more.

4. Gallium nitride - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_nitride

   High-voltage (800 V) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) have also been made. [41] The higher efficiency and high power density of integrated GaN power ICs allows them to reduce the size, weight and component count of applications including mobile and laptop chargers, consumer electronics, computing equipment and electric vehicles.

5. Diode - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode

   A diode's high resistance to current flowing in the reverse direction suddenly drops to a low resistance when the reverse voltage across the diode reaches a value called the breakdown voltage. This effect is used to regulate voltage (Zener diodes) or to protect circuits from high voltage surges (avalanche diodes).

6. Doping (semiconductor) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doping_(semiconductor)

   Doping of a pure silicon array. Silicon based intrinsic semiconductor becomes extrinsic when impurities such as Boron and Antimony are introduced.. In semiconductor production, doping is the intentional introduction of impurities into an intrinsic (undoped) semiconductor for the purpose of modulating its electrical, optical and structural properties.

7. Laser diode - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_diode

   Both low- and high-power diodes are used extensively in the printing industry, both as light sources for scanning (input) of images and for very-high-speed and high-resolution printing plate (output) manufacturing. Infrared and red laser diodes are common in CD players, CD-ROMs, and DVD technology. Violet lasers are used in HD DVD and Blu-ray ...

8. Semiconductor device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device

   A semiconductor diode is a device typically made from a single p–n junction.At the junction of a p-type and an n-type semiconductor, there forms a depletion region where current conduction is inhibited by the lack of mobile charge carriers.

9. Superluminescent diode - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superluminescent_diode

   A superluminescent diode (SLED or SLD) is an edge-emitting semiconductor light source based on superluminescence. It combines the high power and brightness of laser diodes with the low coherence of conventional light-emitting diodes. Its emission optical bandwidth, also described as full-width at half maximum, can range from 5 up to 750 nm. [1]