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The Polish State Railways (Polish: Polskie Koleje Państwowe [ˈpɔlskʲɛ ˈkɔlɛjɛ paj̃ˈstfɔvɛ], abbr.: PKP S.A. [2]) is a Polish state-owned holding company (legally a sole-shareholder company of the State Treasury) comprising the rail transport holdings of the country's formerly dominant namesake railway operator. The company was ...
During the invasion of Poland at the beginning of World War II the Polish railway network was crippled by the Luftwaffe bombing campaign. [3] Due to the average age of the network and lack of maintenance, many sections are limited to speeds below 160 km/h (99 mph) even on trunk lines. 2,813 km (1,748 mi) allow 160 km/h (99 mph) or more.
During 2000, a substantial restructuring of Polish railways in favour of a liberalised model permission of private operators and external participate, was enacted, one result of which was the creation of PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. as Poland's new railway infrastructure manager in place of the unified Polish State Railways JSC. [5]
Transport in Poland involves air, water, road and rail transportation. The country has a large network of municipal public transport, such as buses, trams and the metro. As a country located at the 'cross-roads' of Europe, Poland is a nation with a large and increasingly modern network of transport infrastructure.
Every railway line in Poland has its own number, with the lowest numbers attached to the most important and most strategic routes. Line number 1 links Warsaw Centralna with Katowice Central Station, while line number 999, the last one on the list, is a side track, joining Piła Main with a secondary-importance station of Piła North (Pila Północ).
The PKP Group (Polish: Grupa PKP) is a Polish corporate group founded in 2001, from the former state enterprise, Polish State Railways. The purpose of this change was to separate infrastructure management and transport operations. It consists of the following companies, of which PKP S.A. has the dominant position:
Koleje Wielkopolskie (Polish for Greater Poland Railways; KW) is a regional rail operator in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland. The company was founded on 29 September 2009 and is fully owned by the regional government. [1]
This restructuring was aimed at separating railway operating activities from the management of Poland's railway infrastructure. PKP Intercity is a subsidiary of PKP Group, a state-owned holding company for various other railway-orientated subsidiaries. [5] PKP Intercity introduced a new standard of service in the Polish rail sector. [5]