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  2. Geographic coordinate conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate...

    Coordinate conversion is composed of a number of different types of conversion: format change of geographic coordinates, conversion of coordinate systems, or transformation to different geodetic datums. Geographic coordinate conversion has applications in cartography, surveying, navigation and geographic information systems.

  3. Georeferencing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georeferencing

    Georeferencing or georegistration is a type of coordinate transformation that binds a digital raster image or vector database that represents a geographic space (usually a scanned map or aerial photograph) to a spatial reference system, thus locating the digital data in the real world.

  4. List of GIS data sources - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GIS_data_sources

    Spatial and aspatial data from the province of British Columbia. Land Information Ontario: Spatial data from the province of Ontario. Manitoba Land Initiative: Spatial data from the province of Manitoba. GeoNB Find it. Map it. Share it. GeoNB is the Province of New Brunswick's gateway to geographic information and related value-added ...

  5. Spatial ETL - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_ETL

    Spatial extract, transform, load (spatial ETL), also known as geospatial transformation and load (GTL), is a process for managing and manipulating geospatial data, for example map data. It is a type of extract, transform, load (ETL) process, with software tools and libraries specialised for geographical information.

  6. Geographic information system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_Information_System

    Geocoding is interpolating spatial locations (X,Y coordinates) from street addresses or any other spatially referenced data such as ZIP Codes, parcel lots and address locations. A reference theme is required to geocode individual addresses, such as a road centerline file with address ranges. The individual address locations have historically ...

  7. Geospatial metadata - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geospatial_metadata

    Geospatial metadata (also geographic metadata) is a type of metadata applicable to geographic data and information.Such objects may be stored in a geographic information system (GIS) or may simply be documents, data-sets, images or other objects, services, or related items that exist in some other native environment but whose features may be appropriate to describe in a (geographic) metadata ...

  8. Data model (GIS) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_model_(GIS)

    Some GIS software, such as ArcGIS Pro, natively supports this model, with functionality including animation. Time-stamped boundaries, using the topological vector data model to decompose polygons into boundary segments, and stamping each segment by the time during which it was valid. This method was pioneered by the Great Britain Historical GIS.

  9. Geodatabase (Esri) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geodatabase_(Esri)

    The origin of the geodatabase was in the mid-1990s during the emergence of the first spatial databases.One early approach to integrating relational databases and GIS was the use of server middleware, a third-party program that stores the spatial data in database tables in a custom format, and translates it dynamically into a logical model that can be understood by the client software.