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Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect. [1] [2] There are many types of intellectual property, and some countries recognize more than others. [3] [4] [5] The best-known types are patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets.
Intellectual property – intangible assets such as musical, literary, and artistic works; discoveries and inventions; and words, phrases, symbols, and designs. Common types of intellectual property rights include copyright, trademarks, patents, industrial design rights, trade dress, and in some jurisdictions trade secrets.
An intellectual property (IP) infringement is the infringement or violation of an intellectual property right. There are several types of intellectual property rights, such as copyrights, patents, trademarks, industrial designs, plant breeders rights [1] and trade secrets. Therefore, an intellectual property infringement may for instance be one ...
A patent is often referred to as a form of intellectual property right, [5] [6] an expression which is also used to refer to trademarks and copyrights, [6] and which has proponents and detractors (see also Intellectual property § The term "intellectual property"). Some other types of intellectual property rights are also called patents in some ...
Although intellectual property laws such as these are theoretically distinct, more than one type may afford protection to the same article. For example, the particular design of a bottle may qualify for copyright protection as a non-utilitarian [sculpture], or trademark protection based on its shape, or the ' trade dress ' appearance of the ...
Patent privateering – when a party, typically a patent assertion entity, authorized by another party, often a technology corporation, uses intellectual property to attack other operating companies. Privateering provides a way for companies to assert intellectual property against their competitors with a significantly reduced risk of ...
Types of property include real property (the combination of land and any improvements to or on the ground), personal property (physical possessions belonging to a person), private property (property owned by legal persons, business entities or individual natural persons), public property (State-owned or publicly owned and available possessions ...
Sui generis statutes exist in many countries that extend intellectual property protection to matter that does not meet characteristic definitions. For example, integrated circuit layouts , ship hull designs , fashion designs in France, databases , and plant varieties require sui generis statutes because of their unique characteristics.
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