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iptables is a user-space utility program that allows a system administrator to configure the IP packet filter rules of the Linux kernel firewall, implemented as different Netfilter modules. The filters are organized in a set of tables, which contain chains of rules for how to treat network traffic packets.
Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) is a program for managing a netfilter firewall designed to be easy to use. It uses a command-line interface consisting of a small number of simple commands, and uses iptables for configuration. UFW is available by default in all Ubuntu installations since 8.04 LTS. [1]
Linux IP Firewalling Chains, normally called ipchains, is free software to control the packet filter or firewall capabilities in the 2.2 series of Linux kernels. It superseded ipfirewall (managed by ipfwadm command), but was replaced by iptables in the 2.4 series. Unlike iptables, ipchains is stateless.
It provides firewall features by acting as a front-end for the Linux kernel's netfilter framework. firewalld's current default backend is nftables. Prior to v0.6.0, iptables was the default backend. [3] Through its abstractions, firewalld acts as an alternative to nft and iptables command line programs.
The above-described organization is contrary to the iptables firewalling code, which has protocol awareness built-in so deeply into the logic that the code has had to be replicated four times—for IPv4, IPv6, ARP, and Ethernet bridging—as the firewall engines are too protocol-specific to be used in a generic manner.
Prior to iptables, the predominant software packages for creating Linux firewalls were ipchains in Linux kernel 2.2.x and ipfwadm in Linux kernel 2.0.x, [3] which in turn was based on BSD's ipfw. Both ipchains and ipfwadm alter the networking code so they can manipulate packets, as Linux kernel lacked a general packets control framework until ...
File status okay; about to open data connection. 200 Series: The requested action has been successfully completed. 202: Command not implemented, superfluous at this site. 211: System status, or system help reply. 212: Directory status. 213: File status. 214: Help message. Explains how to use the server or the meaning of a particular non ...
Unless otherwise stated, the status code is part of the HTTP standard. [1] The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) maintains the official registry of HTTP status codes. [2] All HTTP response status codes are separated into five classes or categories. The first digit of the status code defines the class of response, while the last two ...