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Germany (the Weimar Republic) was the first European country to use direct election of a president without intervention by the legislature. [16] Both these systems were replaced by authoritarian systems within a number of years, with indirect presidential elections instated with the restoration of democracy (in 1871 and 1949, in West Germany ...
The strength of direct democracy in individual countries can be quantitatively compared by the Citizen-initiated component of direct popular vote index in V-Dem Democracy indices. [40] A higher index indicates more direct democracy popular initiatives and referendums, shown below for individual countries. Only countries with index above 0 are ...
A popular initiative (also citizens' initiative) is a form of direct democracy by which a petition meeting certain hurdles can force a legal procedure on a proposition. In direct initiative, the proposition is put directly to a plebiscite or referendum, also called a popular initiated referendum or citizen-initiated referendum.
On the first front, the Populist Party incorporated the direct election of senators into its Omaha Platform, adopted in 1892. [27] In 1908, Oregon passed the first law basing the selection of U.S. senators on a popular vote. Oregon was soon followed by Nebraska. [28]
In the politics of the United States, the process of initiatives and referendums allow citizens of many U.S. states [1] to place legislation on the ballot for a referendum or popular vote, either enacting new legislation, or voting down existing legislation.
The National Popular Vote Interstate Compact (NPVIC) is an agreement among a group of U.S. states and the District of Columbia to award all their electoral votes to whichever presidential ticket wins the overall popular vote in the 50 states and the District of Columbia.
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A popular referendum, depending on jurisdiction also known as a citizens' veto, people's veto, veto referendum, citizen referendum, abrogative referendum, rejective referendum, suspensive referendum, and statute referendum, [1] [2] [3] is a type of a referendum that provides a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote on an ...