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Although not strictly a part of classic torque converter design, many automotive converters include a lock-up clutch to improve cruising power transmission efficiency and reduce heat. The application of the clutch locks the turbine to the impeller, causing all power transmission to be mechanical, thus eliminating losses associated with fluid drive.
A direct-shift gearbox (DSG, German: Direktschaltgetriebe [1]) [2] [3] is an electronically controlled, dual-clutch, [2] multiple-shaft, automatic gearbox, in either a transaxle or traditional transmission layout (depending on engine/drive configuration), with automated clutch operation, and with fully-automatic [2] or semi-manual gear selection.
Early use of the powertrain control module dates back to the late 1970s [citation needed] - official phasing in [clarification needed] of the PCM occurred during the early 1980s when used in conjunction with electronic controlled carburetors and lockup torque converters (at the time conventional 3-speed automatics received lockup converters at ...
A transmission (also called a gearbox) is a mechanical device which uses a gear set—two or more gears working together—to change the speed, direction of rotation, or torque multiplication/reduction in a machine. [1] [2] Transmissions can have a single fixed-gear ratio, multiple distinct gear ratios, or continuously variable ratios. Variable ...
There are also problems with the valve block and solenoids [citation needed] When this failure starts to occur, shift quality and speed, torque transfer and even loss of ability to engage gears can occur. These problems led Volkswagen Group to extend the warranty on all of their vehicles equipped with this transmission to 100,000 miles or 10 years.
This forces both wheels to turn in unison, regardless of the traction (or lack thereof) available to either wheel individually. When this function is not required, the differential can be "unlocked" to function as a regular open differential. Locking differentials are mostly used on off-road vehicles, to overcome low-grip and variable grip ...
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It is also known as short-circuit test (because it is the mechanical analogy of a transformer short-circuit test), [1] locked rotor test or stalled torque test. [2] From this test, short-circuit current at normal voltage , power factor on short circuit, total leakage reactance , and starting torque of the motor can be found.
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