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Types of coil spring are: Tension/extension coil springs, designed to resist stretching. They usually have a hook or eye form at each end for attachment. Compression coil springs, designed to resist being compressed. A typical use for compression coil springs is in car suspension systems. Volute springs are used as heavy load compression ...
Coil springs first appeared on a production vehicle in 1906 in the Brush Runabout made by the Brush Motor Company. Today, coil springs are used in most cars. In 1920, Leyland Motors used torsion bars in a suspension system. In 1922, independent front suspension was pioneered on Lancia Lambda, and became more common in mass market cars from 1932 ...
The coil springs usually bear on a pad alongside the stub-axle. Often, the shock is collinear with the spring forming a coil-over. In many cases, the damper is also used as a restraint strap to stop the arm descending so far that the coil spring falls out through being completely unloaded.
Spring-based shock absorbers commonly use coil springs or leaf springs, though torsion bars are used in torsional shocks as well. Ideal springs alone, however, are not shock absorbers, as springs only store and do not dissipate or absorb energy. Vehicles typically employ both hydraulic shock absorbers and springs or torsion bars. In this ...
The most famous American passenger car application of the torsion bar, was the Chrysler system used beginning with all Chrysler products starting with the 1957 model year in cars such as the Imperial Crown series, Chrysler Windsor, DeSoto Firedome, Dodge Coronet and Plymouth Belevedere although Chrysler's "Torsion-Air" suspension was only for ...
Z-bar and roll-inducing springs: Mercedes-Benz introduced, to help their low-pivot swing-axle, a coil spring mounted transversely above the differential, which would transfer load from one side to the other, so as to force down one wheel when the other side went up. This coil spring increases the load bearing capacity of the rear suspension, so ...
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