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Long-term, the high death toll drastically redistributed wealth within Athenian society, and weakened Athens politically. The plague returned in 429, and a third time in the winter of 427/426 BC. [3] Thucydides left a detailed account of the plague's symptoms and epidemiology. Some 30 pathogens have been suggested as having caused the plague. [4]
The investigation of the pathogen that caused the 19th-century plague was begun by teams of scientists who visited Hong Kong in 1894, among whom was the French-Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin, for whom the pathogen was named. [33] Twelve plague outbreaks in Australia between 1900 and 1925 resulted in over 1,000 deaths, chiefly in Sydney.
In 430 BC, an outbreak of a plague hit Athens. The plague ravaged the densely packed city, and in the long run, was a significant cause of its final defeat. The plague wiped out over 30,000 citizens, sailors and soldiers, including Pericles and his sons. Roughly one-third to two-thirds of the Athenian population died.
The bubonic plague was the most commonly seen form during the Black Death. The bubonic form of the plague has a mortality rate of thirty to seventy-five percent and symptoms include fever of 38–41 °C (101–105 °F), headaches, painful aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise.
An 1831 color lithograph by Robert Seymour depicts cholera as a robed, skeletal creature emanating a deadly black cloud.. The miasma theory (also called the miasmic theory) is an abandoned medical theory that held that diseases—such as cholera, chlamydia, or the Black Death—were caused by a miasma (μίασμα, Ancient Greek for 'pollution'), a noxious form of "bad air", also known as ...
The plague of 1576–1577 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. [44] Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. Over 60% of Norway's population died from 1348 to 1350. [45]
1637 London plague epidemic (part of the second plague pandemic) 1636–1637 London and Westminster, England Bubonic plague: 10,400 [73] Great Plague in the late Ming dynasty (part of the second plague pandemic) 1633–1644 China: Bubonic plague: 200,000+ [74] [75] Great Plague of Seville (part of the second plague pandemic) 1647–1652 Spain ...
Great Northern War plague outbreak, a European outbreak in the early 18th century; Great Plague of London, a massive outbreak in England that killed an estimated 20% of London's population in 1665–1666; Plague of Athens, a devastating epidemic which hit Athens in ancient Greece in 430 BCE