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The MQA system is a three-part process applied to digital audio music recordings consisting of: 1) modifying and controlling the end-to-end digital filter response; [1] 2) preparing the audio for transfer to a smartphone or audio device using a lossy audio compression format with authentication; and 3) decompressing the recording for playback. [2]
The 'Music' category is merely a guideline on commercialized uses of a particular format, not a technical assessment of its capabilities. For example, MP3 and AAC dominate the personal audio market in terms of market share, though many other formats are comparably well suited to fill this role from a purely technical standpoint.
FhG MP3 encoder from Adobe Audition 1.0 VBR quality 40, "Current - Best" codec. Apple iTunes 4.2 MP3 112 kbit/s VBR, Highest quality, joint stereo, smart encoding; GOGO-no-coda 3.12-b 128 -a -q 0; Audioactive Encoder 2.04 128 kbit/s High Quality; Xing MP3 Encoder 1.5 VBR quality normal; Various 12 11-22 LAME
A lossless audio coding format reduces the total data needed to represent a sound but can be de-coded to its original, uncompressed form. A lossy audio coding format additionally reduces the bit resolution of the sound on top of compression, which results in far less data at the cost of irretrievably lost information.
ATRAC was updated with version 2, then version 3, version 4, version 4.5, and Type R and Type S. [2] The first major update was ATRAC3 (not to be confused with version 3 of original ATRAC) in 1999. [3] ATRAC3 was used on MiniDisc as well as the Network Walkman and Vaio Music Clip.
The data compression software for encoding into ALAC files, Apple Lossless Encoder, was introduced into the Mac OS X Core Audio framework on April 28, 2004, together with the QuickTime 6.5.1 update, thus making it available in iTunes since version 4.5 and above, and its replacement, the Music application. [8]
MPEG-4 AAC reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001) Harmonic and Individual Lines and Noise (HILN, MPEG-4 Parametric Audio Coding) MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001) TwinVQ. MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001) FFmpeg (decoding only) BSAC (Bit-Sliced Arithmetic Coding) MPEG-4 reference software (ISO/IEC 14496-5:2001 ...
M4A (MPEG-4 Audio): A compressed format often used with Apple devices, similar to MP3 but potentially offering higher quality at the same bitrate. FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec): A lossless compression format that maintains the original audio quality but creates files larger than MP3s.