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Particular medications can result in MRONJ, a serious but uncommon side effect in certain individuals. Such medications are frequently used to treat diseases that cause bone resorption such as osteoporosis, or to treat cancer. The main groups of drugs involved are anti-resorptive drugs, and anti-angiogenic drugs.
The available research seems to suggest that the concurrent prophylactic use of a neuroleptic and an antiparkinsonian drug is useless to avoid early extrapyramidal side-effects and may render the person more sensitive to tardive dyskinesia. Since 1973 the use of these drugs has been found to be associated with the development of tardive dyskinesia.
These side effects are serious and some of them are permanent, and many remain a crucial concern for companies and healthcare professionals and substantial efforts are being encouraged to reduce the potential risks for future antipsychotics through more clinical trials and drug development.
Bruxism (Teeth grinding) Ecchymosis (Bruising) Mucous membrane bleeding; Gastrointestinal bleeding; Abnormal liver function tests; Hyponatraemia (Low blood sodium) Weight gain; Apathy; Hallucinations; Myoclonus (Twitching or Muscle spasm) Rash; Abnormal orgasm (females) Urinary retention (Inability to pass urine) Angioedema (Swelling of skin or ...
Since many individuals have low-grade infections of the teeth and gums, this probably is one of the major mechanisms by which the marrow blood flow problem can worsen; any local infection / inflammation will cause increased pressures and clotting in the area involved. No other bones have this mechanism as a major risk factor for osteonecrosis.
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Palatal myoclonus is a rare condition in which there are rhythmic jerky movements or a rapid spasm of the palatal (roof of the mouth) muscles. Chronic clonus is often due to lesions of the central tegmental tract (which connects the red nucleus to the ipsilateral inferior olivary nucleus ).
3 Additional Images. 4 References. ... Download QR code; Print/export ... Lesion of the tract can cause palatal myoclonus, ...