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Most exterior veneer systems hang stone from a support wall by pins and anchors allowing air space between, essentially using stone as a rain screen. Anchorage systems are superior for exterior use because they permit any water that permeates the veneer to escape, while air space allows the materials of the supporting substrate wall to expand ...
Illustration to Serlio, rusticated doorway of the type now called a Gibbs surround, 1537. Although rustication is known from a few buildings of Greek and Roman antiquity, for example Rome's Porta Maggiore, the method first became popular during the Renaissance, when the stone work of lower floors and sometimes entire facades of buildings were finished in this manner. [4]
Pebbledash Pebbledashing Rock dash stucco. Roughcast or pebbledash is a coarse plaster surface used on outside walls that consists of lime and sometimes cement mixed with sand, small gravel and often pebbles or shells. [1] The materials are mixed into a slurry and are then thrown at the working surface with a trowel or scoop.
Stone monuments include tombstones, grave markers or as mausoleums. After being gangsawed into big deep (up to 10 ft [3.0 m] wide and over 6 in [150 mm] deep) slabs, smaller saws or guillotines (they break the granite and make the rough edges commonly seen on monuments) shape the monuments. The fronts and backs are usually polished.
Stone veneer is used as a protective and decorative covering for interior or exterior walls and surfaces. The veneer is typically 1 in (25.4 mm) thick and must weigh less than 15 lb per square foot (73 kg m −2) so that no additional structural supports are required. The structural wall is put up first, and thin, flat stones are mortared onto ...
Sometimes river rock of smooth oval-shaped stones is used as a veneer. This type of material is not favored for solid masonry as it requires a great amount of mortar and can lack intrinsic structural strength. Manufactured-stone, or cultured stone, veneers are popular alternatives to natural stones.
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