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In Riemannian geometry and pseudo-Riemannian geometry, the Gauss–Codazzi equations (also called the Gauss–Codazzi–Weingarten-Mainardi equations or Gauss–Peterson–Codazzi formulas [1]) are fundamental formulas that link together the induced metric and second fundamental form of a submanifold of (or immersion into) a Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian manifold.
The first variation of area formula is a fundamental computation for how this quantity is affected by the deformation of the submanifold. The fundamental quantity is to do with the mean curvature . Let ( M , g ) denote a Riemannian manifold, and consider an oriented smooth manifold S (possibly with boundary) together with a one-parameter family ...
The existence of isothermal coordinates on a smooth two-dimensional Riemannian manifold is a corollary of the standard local solvability result in the analysis of elliptic partial differential equations. In the present context, the relevant elliptic equation is the condition for a function to be harmonic relative to
Let be a smooth manifold and let be a one-parameter family of Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian metrics. Suppose that it is a differentiable family in the sense that for any smooth coordinate chart, the derivatives v i j = ∂ ∂ t ( ( g t ) i j ) {\displaystyle v_{ij}={\frac {\partial }{\partial t}}{\big (}(g_{t})_{ij}{\big )}} exist and are ...
Toggle Differential geometry of curves and surfaces subsection. ... 3.6 Curvature of Riemannian manifolds. ... First fundamental form;
A Riemannian manifold is a smooth manifold together with a Riemannian metric. The techniques of differential and integral calculus are used to pull geometric data out of the Riemannian metric. For example, integration leads to the Riemannian distance function, whereas differentiation is used to define curvature and parallel transport.
The Ricci Flow in Riemannian Geometry: A Complete Proof of the Differentiable 1/4-Pinching Sphere Theorem (1st ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-16285-5. Jost, Jürgen (2005). Riemannian geometry and Geometric Analysis (4th ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-3-540-25907-7. Lee, Jeffrey M. (2009). Manifolds and Differential Geometry. American Mathematical ...
In Riemannian geometry, it is a traditional name for a number of theorems that compare various metrics and provide various estimates in Riemannian geometry. [4] Rauch comparison theorem relates the sectional curvature of a Riemannian manifold to the rate at which its geodesics spread apart; Toponogov's theorem; Myers's theorem; Hessian ...