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  2. Prepared guitar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepared_guitar

    A prepared guitar is a guitar that has had its timbre altered by placing various objects on or between the instrument's strings, including other extended techniques. This practice is sometimes called tabletop guitar , because many prepared guitarists do not hold the instrument in the usual manner, but instead place the guitar on a table to ...

  3. Equal temperament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_temperament

    12 tone equal temperament chromatic scale on C, one full octave ascending, notated only with sharps. Play ascending and descending ⓘ. An equal temperament is a musical temperament or tuning system that approximates just intervals by dividing an octave (or other interval) into steps such that the ratio of the frequencies of any adjacent pair of notes is the same.

  4. Instrumental variables estimation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumental_variables...

    The strength of the instruments can be directly assessed because both the endogenous covariates and the instruments are observable. [20] A common rule of thumb for models with one endogenous regressor is: the F-statistic against the null that the excluded instruments are irrelevant in the first-stage regression should be larger than 10.

  5. 12 equal temperament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12_equal_temperament

    12-tone equal temperament chromatic scale on C, one full octave ascending, notated only with sharps. Play ascending and descending ⓘ. 12 equal temperament (12-ET) [a] is the musical system that divides the octave into 12 parts, all of which are equally tempered (equally spaced) on a logarithmic scale, with a ratio equal to the 12th root of 2 (≈ 1.05946).

  6. Temporary adjustments of theodolites - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporary_adjustments_of...

    Repeat step 2 and step 3 in the same quadrant till both the bubble remain central. By rotating the upper part of the instrument through 180°, the level tube is brought parallel to first two-foot screws in reverse order. The bubble will remain in the centre if the instrument is in permanent adjustment.

  7. Cent (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cent_(music)

    A centitone (also Iring) is a musical interval (2 1 ⁄ 600, ) equal to two cents (2 2 ⁄ 1200) [39] [40] proposed as a unit of measurement (Play ⓘ) by Widogast Iring in Die reine Stimmung in der Musik (1898) as 600 steps per octave and later by Joseph Yasser in A Theory of Evolving Tonality (1932) as 100 steps per equal tempered whole tone.

  8. Scale (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_(music)

    For instance, in a chromatic scale each scale step represents a semitone interval, while a major scale is defined by the interval pattern W–W–H–W–W–W–H, where W stands for whole step (an interval spanning two semitones, e.g. from C to D), and H stands for half-step (e.g. from C to D ♭).

  9. Musical tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_tuning

    The pitches of open strings on a violin. Play ⓘ. In music, the term open string refers to the fundamental note of the unstopped, full string.. The strings of a guitar are normally tuned to fourths (excepting the G and B strings in standard tuning, which are tuned to a third), as are the strings of the bass guitar and double bass.