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Between 60 and 70% of all propylene oxide is converted to polyether polyols by the process called alkoxylation. [15] These polyols are building blocks in the production of polyurethane plastics. [16] About 20% of propylene oxide is hydrolyzed into propylene glycol, via a process which is accelerated by acid or base catalysis.
The lighter analogue of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, is produced by silver-catalyzed reaction of ethylene with oxygen. Attempts to implement this relatively simple technology to the conversion of propylene to propylene oxide fail. Instead only combustion predominates. The problems are attributed to the sensitivity of allylic C-H bonds.
The conversion of propylene to propylene oxide is typically effected using hydrogen peroxide, ... This page was last edited on 19 November 2023, at 20:21 (UTC).
Polypropylene glycol or polypropylene oxide is the polymer (or macromolecule) of propylene glycol. [1] Chemically it is a polyether , and, more generally speaking, it's a polyalkylene glycol (PAG) H S Code 3907.2000.
The usual manifestation of this reaction is ethoxylation of alcohols (ROH), in which case ethylene oxide is the alkoxylating agent: ROH + C 2 H 4 O → ROCH 2 CH 2 OH. Another industrially significant epoxide is propylene oxide (PO, OCH 2 CHCH 3). PO is mainly used for alkoxylation to produce polyether polyols.
Propylene is also used to produce isopropyl alcohol (propan-2-ol), acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, and epichlorohydrin. [18] The industrial production of acrylic acid involves the catalytic partial oxidation of propylene. [19] Propylene is an intermediate in the oxidation to acrylic acid.
Starting with propylene chlorohydrin, most of the world's supply of propylene oxide arises via this route. [3] An intramolecular epoxide formation reaction is one of the key steps in the Darzens reaction. In the Johnson–Corey–Chaykovsky reaction epoxides are generated from carbonyl groups and sulfonium ylides. In this reaction, a sulfonium ...
Both are generated on a large scale as intermediates in the production of propylene oxide. [1] The reaction of aqueous solution of chlorine with propene gives a 10:1 ratio of CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 Cl and CH 3 CH(Cl)CH 2 OH. These compounds are treated with lime to give propylene oxide, which is useful in the production of plastics and other polymers.