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Ocular hypertension is the presence of elevated fluid pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure), usually with no optic nerve damage or visual field loss. [1] [2]For most individuals, the normal range of intraocular pressure is between 10 mmHg and 21 mmHg. [3]
Differences in pressure between the two eyes are often clinically significant, and potentially associated with certain types of glaucoma, as well as iritis or retinal detachment. Intraocular pressure may become elevated due to anatomical problems, inflammation of the eye, genetic factors, or as a side-effect from medication. Intraocular ...
Intra-ocular pressure ISNT: Inferior, Superior, Nasal, Temporal rule used to assess optic disc appearance K: Keratometry OS oculus sinister (left eye) LHyperT or LHT: Left hypertropia LHypoT: Left hypotropia LO: Lenticular opacity L/R FD: L/R fixation disparity L/R: L hyperphoria Left ET: Left esotropia LVA: Low vision aid MDU: Mallett distance ...
For eye pressures, a value of 28 hPa (21 mmHg) above atmospheric pressure 1,010 hPa (760 mmHg) is often used, with higher pressures leading to a greater risk. [2] [26] However, some may have high eye pressure for years and never develop damage. [2] Conversely, optic nerve damage may occur with normal pressure, known as normal-tension glaucoma. [27]
Cataracts: Cloudiness over the eye's lens, cause blurring of vision, halos around lights, and sensitivity to glare. [5] It is also the main cause of blindness worldwide. [2] Glaucoma: Increased intraocular pressure (pressure in the eye) cause progressive optic neuropathy that leads to optic nerve damage, visual field defects and blindness. [6]
Central retinal artery occlusion: CRAO is characterized by painless, acute vision loss in one eye. [11] Central retinal vein occlusion: CRVO causes sudden, painless vision loss that can be mild to severe. [12] Branch retinal vein occlusion: sudden painless vision loss or visual field defect are the main symptom of BRVO. [13]
Hypotony has many causes including post-surgical wound leak from the eye, chronic inflammation within the eye including iridocyclitis, hypoperfusion, tractional ciliary body detachment or retinal detachment. [5] Eye inflammation, medications including anti glaucoma drugs, or proliferative vitreoretinopathy causes decreased production. [6]
Glaucoma is a group of diseases affecting the optic nerve that results in vision loss and is frequently characterized by raised intraocular pressure (IOP). There are many glaucoma surgeries, and variations or combinations of those surgeries, that facilitate the escape of excess aqueous humor from the eye to lower intraocular pressure, and a few that lower IOP by decreasing the production of ...