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Vidicon tube 2 ⁄ 3 inch (17 mm) in diameter A display of numerous video camera tubes from the 1930s and 1940s, photographed in 1954, with iconoscope inventor Vladimir K. Zworykin. Video camera tubes are devices based on the cathode-ray tube that were used in television cameras to capture television images, prior to the introduction of charge ...
Two iconoscope tubes. The type 1849 (top) was the common tube used in studio television cameras. The camera's lens focused the image through the tube's transparent "window" (right) and onto the dark rectangular "target" surface visible inside. The type 1847 (bottom) was a smaller version.
But the magnetic focusing for video camera tubes invented by Farnsworth in 1928 --via a long focusing coil placed along the tube-- survived the image orthicon era and it was a main ingredient in the vidicon and similar tubes; see the vidicon's diagram in the article.
The aims of the designers of the camera were, firstly, to produce a camera that was more tolerant to mis-registration and, secondly, to achieve a lighter camera by using smaller vidicon tubes to replace some of the large heavy IO tubes. The camera had an image orthicon tube for the luminance channel and three vidicon tubes for the colour ...
The camera section held the lens and camera tube pre-amplifiers and other necessary electronics, and was connected to a large diameter multicore cable to the remainder of the camera electronics, usually mounted in a separate room in the studio, or a remote truck. The camera head could not generate a video picture signal on its own.
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An image dissector, also called a dissector tube, is a video camera tube in which photocathode emissions create an "electron image" which is then swept up, down and across an anode to produce an electrical signal representing the visual image.