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In the UK, knowledge of sleep medicine and possibilities for diagnosis and treatment seem to lag. The Imperial College Healthcare [61] shows attention to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and very few other sleep disorders. Some NHS trusts have specialist clinics for respiratory and neurological sleep medicine.
Insufficient quality or quantity of night time sleep [5] Obstructive sleep apnea [6] Misalignments of the body's circadian pacemaker with the environment (e.g., jet lag, shift work, or other circadian rhythm sleep disorders) [7] Another underlying sleep disorder, such as narcolepsy, sleep apnea, [8] idiopathic hypersomnia, or restless legs syndrome
The surgical treatment for velopalatal insufficiency may cause obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. When velopalatal insufficiency is present, air leaks into the nasopharynx even when the soft palate should close off the nose. A simple test for this condition can be made by placing a tiny mirror on the nose, and asking the subject to say "P".
In December 2024, the FDA approved tirzepatide, an anti-diabetic and weight loss medication, as a component in the combination treatment of adults with obesity suffering from moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea. Other components of the therapy are a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity.
[3] [4] Chronic pain is considered a syndrome because of the associated symptoms that develop in those experiencing this disorder. [5] Chronic pain affects approximately 20% of people worldwide and accounts for 15–20% of visits to a physician. [3] Pain can be categorized according to its location, cause, or the anatomical system which it affects.
Absence of insufficient sleep syndrome; Absence of cataplexy; Absence of other causes of hypersomnia; The presence of positive MSLT tests. [32] [33] [34] The latest ICD-10 defines IH with long sleep time as a neurological disorder that is a rare sleep disorder characterized by prolonged sleep at night and extreme sleepiness during the day ...
Also, researchers have shown that disrupting stage IV sleep consistently in young, healthy subjects causes a significant increase in muscle tenderness—similar to that experienced in "neurasthenic musculoskeletal pain syndrome". This pain resolved when the subjects were able to resume their normal sleep patterns. [22] Chronic kidney disease is ...
Treatment may include psychotherapy (with cognitive-behavioral therapy or operant conditioning), medication (often with antidepressants but also with pain medications [9]), and sleep therapy. According to a study performed at the Miller School of Medicine at the University of Miami , antidepressants have an analgesic effect on patients with ...