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The Jiajing wokou raids caused extensive damage to the coast of China in the 16th century, during the reign of the Jiajing Emperor (r. 1521–67) in the Ming dynasty.The term "wokou" originally referred to Japanese pirates who crossed the sea and raided Korea and China; however, by the mid-Ming, the wokou consisted of multinational crewmen that included the Japanese and the Portuguese, but a ...
The pirates were called wokou ("Japanese pirates") and the raids become known as the Jiajing wokou raids. The wokou attacks started as swift raids on coastal settlements to obtain provisions and goods for trade, then returned to their ships and left. Eventually, the situation escalated to the point where a pirate raid could number hundreds of ...
Wokou activity in Korea declined after the Treaty of Gyehae in 1443 [1] but continued in Ming China and peaked during the Jiajing wokou raids in the mid-16th century. Chinese reprisals and strong clamp-downs on pirates by Japanese authorities saw the wokou disappear by the 17th century.
Jiajing wokou raids Hu Zongxian ( Chinese : 胡宗憲 ; November 4, 1512 [ 1 ] – November 25, 1565 [ 2 ] ), courtesy name Ruzhen ( 汝貞 ) and art name Meilin ( 梅林 ), was a Chinese general and politician of the Ming dynasty who presided over the government's response to the wokou pirate raids during the reign of the Jiajing Emperor .
The Jiajing Emperor (16 September 1507 – 23 January 1567), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Shizong of Ming, personal name Zhu Houcong, art names Yaozhai, [1] [a] Leixuan, [2] [b] and Tianchi Diaosou, [3] [c] was the 12th emperor of the Ming dynasty, reigning from 1521 to 1567.
The Jiajing Emperor dismissed Zhu Wan from his post and ordered a full investigation on the matter. Seeing that the odds were against him, especially since his backer Xia Yan had been executed in disgrace in October last year, [ 19 ] Zhu Wan wrote his own epitaph and committed suicide by drinking poison in January 1550.
Jiajing wokou raids: A censor reports that piracy on the southeast coast is out of control. [245] 1548: February: Jiajing wokou raids: Pirates raid Ningbo and Taizhou. [245] April: Jiajing wokou raids: Ming forces attack Shuangyu but many of the ships in the harbor escape. [245] June: Mongols defeat Ming forces at Xuanfu. [246] October: Mongols ...
Qi Jiguang (Chinese: 戚繼光; pinyin: Qī Jìguāng; Wade–Giles: Ch'i 1 Chi 4-Kuang 1, November 12, 1528 – January 17, 1588), [1] [2] [3] courtesy name Yuanjing, art names Nantang and Mengzhu, posthumous name Wuyi, was a Chinese military general and writer of the Ming dynasty.