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Ministries of health in several sub-Saharan African countries, including Zambia, Uganda, and South African, were reported to have begun planning health system reform including hospital accreditation before 2002. However, most hospitals in Africa are administered by local health ministries or missionary organizations without accreditation programs.
Community Health Accreditation Program(CHAP) DNV GL Healthcare; Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT) [4] Global Healthcare Accreditation (GHA) [5] Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program (HFAP) Healthcare Quality Association on Accreditation (HQAA) Institute for Medical Quality (IMQ) Joint Commission (TJC)
Medical Code of Ethics is a document that establishes the ethical rules of behaviour of all healthcare professionals, such as registered medical practitioners, physicians, dental practitioners, psychiatrists, psychologists, defining the priorities of their professional work, showing the principles in the relations with patients, other physicians and the rest of community.
A 40-year experiment conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service withheld standard medical advice and treatment from a poor minority population with an easily treatable disease. The experiment targeted black male farmers who were told they needed to be treated for 'bad blood', [ 27 ] but who were, in fact, syphilitic.
The International Code of Medical Ethics [1] was adopted by the General Assembly of the World Medical Association at London in 1949, and amended in 1968, 1983, and 2006. It is a code based on the Declaration of Geneva and the main goal is to establish the ethical principles of the physicians worldwide, based on his duties in general, to his patients and to his colleagues.
The Joint Commission is a United States-based nonprofit tax-exempt 501(c) organization [1] that accredits more than 22,000 US health care organizations and programs. [2] The international branch accredits medical services from around the world.
Medical ethics is an applied branch of ethics which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research. [1] Medical ethics is based on a set of values that professionals can refer to in the case of any confusion or conflict.
Hospital accreditation has been defined as “A self-assessment and external peer assessment process used by health care organizations to accurately assess their level of performance in relation to established standards and to implement ways to continuously improve”. [1]