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In addition to their role in base excision repair, DNA glycosylase enzymes have been implicated in the repression of gene silencing in A. thaliana, N. tabacum and other plants by active demethylation. 5-methylcytosine residues are excised and replaced with unmethylated cytosines allowing access to the chromatin structure of the enzymes and ...
22256 Ensembl ENSG00000076248 ENSMUSG00000029591 UniProt P13051 P97931 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_080911 NM_003362 NM_001040691 NM_011677 RefSeq (protein) NP_003353 NP_550433 NP_001035781 NP_035807 Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 109.1 – 109.11 Mb Chr 5: 114.27 – 114.28 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Uracil-DNA glycosylase (also known as UNG or UDG) is an enzyme. Its most ...
An image of multiple chromosomes, taken from many cells. Plant genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity specifically in plants. [1] [2] It is generally considered a field of biology and botany, but intersects frequently with many other life sciences and is strongly linked with the study of information systems.
The process is non-templated (unlike DNA transcription or protein translation); instead, the cell relies on segregating enzymes into different cellular compartments (e.g., endoplasmic reticulum, cisternae in Golgi apparatus). Therefore, glycosylation is a site-specific modification.
Single-strand selective monofunctional uracil DNA glycosylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMUG1 gene. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] SMUG1 is a glycosylase that removes uracil from single- and double-stranded DNA in nuclear chromatin, thus contributing to base excision repair .
In biochemistry and molecular genetics, an AP site (apurinic/apyrimidinic site), also known as an abasic site, is a location in DNA (also in RNA but much less likely) that has neither a purine nor a pyrimidine base, either spontaneously or due to DNA damage. It has been estimated that under physiological conditions 10,000 apurinic sites and 500 ...
NEIL1 is also capable of removing lesions from single-stranded DNA as well as from bubble and forked DNA structures. Because the expression of NEIL1 is cell-cycle dependent, and because it acts on forked DNA structures and interacts with PCNA and FEN-1 , it has been proposed that NEIL1 functions in replication associated DNA repair.
DNA methylation can be lost passively with each cell division, because newly synthesized strands of DNA lack DNA methylation until it is re-added by one of the maintenance DNA methylation pathways. [134] DNA methylation can also be actively removed in plants by DNA glycosylases, which remove methylated cytosines via the base excision repair ...