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Yezidis were subject to brutal persecution by Arabs, Persians, Turks and Sunni Kurds. Two of the most known early and major expeditions against the Yezidis took place in 1246, when the Yezidi leader, Sheikh Hassan ibn Adi was killed by Badr Ad-Din Lulu , and 1414, when a joint army of neighbouring Sunni Kurdish tribes ransacked Lalish.
[64] [65] "Farman" meant "decree" in Persian, and referenced the decrees given by the Ottoman government targeting the Yazidis, which were so numerous that the Yazidis began to interpret the word as having meant genocide. [66] The last Farman is number 74 and denotes the genocide of the Yazidis by the IS terrorists. [67] [12] [13] [68]
Yazidism, [a] also known as Sharfadin, [b] is a monotheistic ethnic religion [c] which has roots in pre-Zoroastrian Iranian religion, directly derived from the Indo-Iranian tradition.
ISIS attacks Sinjar after withdrawal of Kurdish forces. Thousands of Yezidis flee to Sinjar mountain but are trapped with no access to food and water. Many die. [150] 4 August 2014 At least 60 Yazidi men are killed by ISIS in Hardan village while women and children are forcefully taken as captives to Tel Afar. [150] 7 August 2014
The Medo-Persian conflict was a military campaign led by the Median king Astyages against Persis in the mid 6th-century BCE. Classical sources claim that Persis had been a vassal of the Median kingdom that revolted against Median rule, but this is not confirmed by contemporary evidence.
[36] Persian pride was hurt by the Arab conquest, making the status quo intolerable. [37] A Sasanian army helmet. After the defeat of the Persian forces at the Battle of Jalula in 637, Yazdgerd III went to Rey and from there moved to Merv, where he set up his capital and directed his chiefs to conduct continuous raids in Mesopotamia. Within ...
The vast majority of adherents were Kurmanji Kurds, with minorities of Arabs, Turks, and Persians. As Adawiyya was very isolated and most of its adherents were Kurds, the other ethnicities gradually assimilated. By the time that Adawiyya split from Islam and stopped accepting religious converts, virtually all of its adherents were Kurdish.
The Yezidis controlled all trade routes in Shingal and the surrounding area, refused to submit and pay the taxes levied by the Ottomans. The Yezidis attacked caravans of Ottoman goods. This led to the governor of Diyarbekir , Melek Ahmad Pasha, who was known for being hostile to Yezidis, to launch an attack on Shingal with an army of 70,000 troops.