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  2. Adversarial system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adversarial_system

    Judges in an adversarial system are impartial in ensuring the fair play of due process, or fundamental justice.Such judges decide, often when called upon by counsel rather than of their own motion, what evidence is to be admitted when there is a dispute; though in some common law jurisdictions judges play more of a role in deciding what evidence to admit into the record or reject.

  3. Judge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judge

    A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a judicial panel.In an adversarial system, the judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the barristers or solicitors of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling in the case based on their interpretation of the law and their own personal ...

  4. United States magistrate judge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_magistrate_judge

    The position of magistrate judge or magistrate also exists in some unrelated state courts (see below). Magistrate judges are appointed by a majority vote of the federal district judges of a particular district and serve terms of eight years if full-time, or four years if part-time, and may be reappointed. [1]

  5. Criminal justice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criminal_Justice

    Courts involved in French criminal justice. Courts involved in adjudicating questions of French criminal law are organized in three tiers. In the first instance, there are the police court, the correctional court, and the Cour d'assises. The Police court (tribunal de police) hears contraventions (minor infractions like parking tickets). [36]

  6. Judiciary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary

    The Supreme Court Building houses the Supreme Court of the United States, the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States.. The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.

  7. Article Three of the United States Constitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_Three_of_the...

    The Supreme Court is the only federal court that is explicitly established by the Constitution. During the Constitutional Convention, a proposal was made for the Supreme Court to be the only federal court, having both original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction. This proposal was rejected in favor of the provision that exists today.

  8. Federal judiciary of the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the...

    Federal judges, like Supreme Court justices, are appointed by the president with the consent of the Senate to serve until they resign, are impeached and convicted, retire, or die. Under Article I of the federal Constitution, Congress also has the power to establish other tribunals, which are usually quite specialized, within the executive ...

  9. Administration of justice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administration_of_justice

    (a) the courts of justice of the Province of Ontario, (b) land registry offices, (c) jails, and (d) the offices of coroners and Crown Attorneys, for the performance of their functions, including any functions delegated to such courts, institutions or offices or any official thereof by or under any Act; (“administration de la justice”) [3]