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β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.
Latilactobacillus sakei is the type species of the genus Latilactobacillus that was previously classified in the genus Lactobacillus. [1] It is homofermentative; hexoses are metabolized via glycolysis to lactic acid as main metabolite; pentoses are fermented via the Phosphoketolase pathway to lactic and acetic acids.
The species carries the name of Max Delbrück, who lent his name to the Berlin Institute for the Fermentation Industries, [3] where L. delbrueckii and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus were produced on an industrial scale from about 1896. [4]
Lactobacillus acidophilus image taken with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). A Lactobacillus acidophilus culture. Lactobacillus acidophilus is an immobile rod-shaped (bacillus), gram-positive organism that ranges in size from 2-10 μm in size.
Levilactobacillus brevis is a gram-positive, rod shaped species of lactic acid bacteria which is heterofermentative, creating CO 2, lactic acid and acetic acid or ethanol during fermentation.
The major protein in whey is β-lactoglobulin, followed by α-lactalbumin (β-lactoglobulin ≈ 65%, α-lactalbumin ≈ 25%, serum albumin ≈ 8%, other ≈ 2%). β-lactoglobulin is a lipocalin protein, and can bind many hydrophobic molecules, suggesting a role in their transport. β-lactoglobulin has also been shown to be able to bind iron via siderophores [7 ...
The Lactobacillaceae are a family of lactic acid bacteria. [3] It is the only family in the lactic acid bacteria which includes homofermentative and heterofermentative organisms; [4] in the Lactobacillaceae, the pathway used for hexose fermentation is a genus-specific trait.
H. coagulans is a Gram-positive, catalase-positive, spore-forming, motile, facultative anaerobe rod that measures approximately 0.9 μm by 3.0 μm to 5.0 μm. It may appear Gram negative when entering the stationary phase of growth.