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Islam[ a ] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number approximately 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians. [ 9 ]
Criticism of Islam has been aimed at the life of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam, in both his public and personal lives. [4][6] Issues relating to the authenticity and morality of the scriptures of Islam, both the Quran and the hadiths, are also discussed by critics. [7] Criticisms of Islam have also been directed at historical practices, like ...
e. Islam and modernity is a topic of discussion in contemporary sociology of religion. The history of Islam chronicles different interpretations and approaches. Modernity is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon rather than a unified and coherent one.
The physicist Abdus Salam believed there is no contradiction between Islam and the discoveries that science allows humanity to make about nature and the universe; and that the Quran and the Islamic spirit of study and rational reflection was the source of extraordinary civilizational development.
Islam first reached Maritime Southeast Asia through traders from Mecca in the 7th century, [ 137 ] particularly via the western part of what is now Indonesia. Arab traders from Yemen already had a presence in Asia through trading and travelling by sea, serving as intermediary traders to and from Europe and Africa.
Islamic feminism is defined by Islamic scholars as being more radical than secular feminism, [75] and as being anchored within the discourse of Islam with the Quran as its central text. [76] During recent times, the concept of Islamic feminism has grown further with Islamic groups looking to garner support from many aspects of society.
The 500 Most Influential Muslims (also known as The Muslim 500) is an annual publication first published in 2009, which ranks the most influential Muslims in the world.. The publication is compiled by the Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre in Amman, Jordan.
Historical reliability of the Quran. Historical reliability of the Quran concerns the question of the historicity of the described or claimed events in the Quran. The Quran is viewed to be the scriptural foundation of Islam and is believed by Muslims to have been sent down by Allah (God) and revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibreel (Gabriel).