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  2. Plant cuticle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_cuticle

    A plant cuticle is a protecting film covering the outermost skin layer of leaves, young shoots and other aerial plant organs (aerial here meaning all plant parts not embedded in soil or other substrate) that have no periderm. The film consists of lipid and hydrocarbon polymers infused with wax, and is synthesized exclusively by the epidermal cells.

  3. Lumbricus rubellus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbricus_rubellus

    In ecosystems, earthworms such as Lumbricus rubellus increase the rate of transfer between trophic levels by making it easier for plants to uptake nutrients. In food chains, earthworms such as Lumbricus rubellus are primary consumers whose role is converting the energy synthesized by photosynthetic plants into food for animals at higher trophic ...

  4. Earthworm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthworm

    Earthworms are environmental indicators of soil health. Earthworms feed on the decaying matter in the soil and analyzing the contents of their digestive tracts gives insight into the overall condition of the soil. The earthworm gut accumulates chemicals, including heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, zinc, and copper. The population size of ...

  5. Megascolecidae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megascolecidae

    This is because of earthworms' burrowing habit serves to facilitate water flow and agrochemicals through the soil profile, so are able to perform carbon sequestration and reduce soil pollutants]. [27] Invasive earthworms can have a significant impact causing changes in soil profiles, nutrient and organic matter content and other soil organisms ...

  6. The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Formation_of_Vegetable...

    The structure and physiology of the calciferous glands of earthworms are described. Many hypotheses had been advanced for their function; Darwin believed them to be primarily for excretion and secondarily a digestion aid. Thin leaves are seized with the mouth, while thick ones are dragged by creating a vacuum.

  7. Oligochaeta - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligochaeta

    Oligochaetes are well-segmented worms and most have a spacious body cavity (coelom) used as a hydroskeleton.They range in length from less than 0.5 mm (0.02 in) up to 2 to 3 metres (6.6 to 9.8 ft) in the 'giant' species such as the giant Gippsland earthworm (Megascolides australis) and the Mekong worm (Amynthas mekongianus).

  8. SPECIAL EDITION: Thanksgiving + Black Friday game ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/sports/special-edition-thanksgiving...

    It's a special week of football so it deserves a special edition of the pod. Sal Vetri joins Matt Harmon to breakdown every fantasy angle from the four games taking place on Thanksgiving and Black ...

  9. Lumbricus terrestris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbricus_terrestris

    These predators are very efficient earthworm eaters, being able to survive for lengthy periods with no food, so still persist even when their prey has dropped to unsustainably low populations. In some areas, this is having a seriously adverse effect on the soil structure and quality. The soil aeration and organic material mixing previously done ...