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Lysine (symbol Lys or K) [2] is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins.It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH + 3 form when dissolved in water), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form when dissolved in water), and a side chain lysyl ((CH 2) 4 NH 2), classifying it as a basic, charged (at physiological pH), aliphatic ...
Amino acid biosynthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the amino acids are produced. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism 's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesize all amino acids. For example, humans can synthesize 11 of the 20 standard amino acids.
This pathway is a part of the glutamate family of amino acid biosynthetic pathways. [2] The reaction steps in the pathway are similar to the citric acid cycle. The first step in the pathway is condensation of acetyl-CoA with α-ketoglutarate, which gives homocitrate. This reaction is catalyzed by homocitrate synthase.
Contents. Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase. Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase is an enzyme encoded by the AASS gene in humans and is involved in their major lysine degradation pathway. It is similar to the separate enzymes coded for by the LYS1 and LYS9 genes in yeast, and related to, although not similar in structure, the ...
Infobox references. α-Aminoadipic acid is one of the metabolic precursor in the biosynthesis of lysine through α-aminoadipate pathway. Its conjugate base is α-aminoadipate, which is the prevalent form at physiological pH. α-Aminoadipic acid has a stereogenic center and can appear in two enantiomers, L -α-aminoadipate and D -α-aminoadipate.
Phosphorylation of glucose is a key reaction in sugar metabolism. The chemical equation for the conversion of D-glucose to D-glucose-6-phosphate in the first step of glycolysis is given by: D-glucose + ATP → D- glucose 6-phosphate + ADP. ΔG ° = −16.7 kJ/mol (° indicates measurement at standard condition)
In enzymology, a lysine—tRNA ligase ( EC 6.1.1.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, L-lysine, and tRNA (Lys), whereas its 3 products are AMP, diphosphate, and L-lysyl-tRNA (Lys) . This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: lysine biosynthesis, aminoacyl-trna biosynthesis, and ...
Transglutaminases are enzymes that in nature primarily catalyze the formation of an isopeptide bond between γ- carboxamide groups ( - (C=O)NH 2 ) of glutamine residue side chains and the ε- amino groups ( -NH 2 ) of lysine residue side chains with subsequent release of ammonia ( NH 3 ). Lysine and glutamine residues must be bound to a peptide ...