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Amphibians are ectothermic, anamniotic, four-limbed vertebrate animals that constitute the class Amphibia. In its broadest sense, it is a paraphyletic group encompassing all tetrapods excluding the amniotes (tetrapods with an amniotic membrane, such as modern reptiles, birds and mammals).
Caecilians (/ s ɪ ˈ s ɪ l i ə n /; New Latin for 'blind ones') are a group of limbless, vermiform (worm-shaped) or serpentine (snake-shaped) amphibians with small or sometimes nonexistent eyes. They mostly live hidden in soil or in streambeds, and this cryptic lifestyle renders caecilians among the least familiar amphibians.
Declines in amphibian populations were first widely recognized in the late 1980s [citation needed], when a large gathering of herpetologists reported noticing declines in populations in amphibians across the globe. [6] Among these species, the Golden toad (Bufo periglenes) endemic to Monteverde, Costa Rica, featured prominently.
Amphisbaenia / æmfɪsˈbiːniə / (called amphisbaenians or worm lizards) is a group of typically legless lizards, [ 1 ] comprising over 200 extant species. Amphisbaenians are characterized by their long bodies, the reduction or loss of the limbs, and rudimentary eyes. As many species have a pink body and scales arranged in rings, they have a ...
A chytrid-killed frog. Chytridiomycosis in Atelopus varius —two sporangia containing numerous zoospores are visible. Chytridiomycosis (/ kaɪˌtrɪdiəmaɪˈkoʊsɪs / ky-TRID-ee-ə-my-KOH-sis) is an infectious disease in amphibians, caused by the chytrid fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans.
The loss of the intercranial joint was a direct functional necessity to strengthen the broad and long platybasic skull when the animal was out of the water. [2] The tubular lower jaw of the Elginerpeton , compared to the flat-lamina jaw shape of fishes gave it superior cross-sectional force, required when not supported in an aquatic setting ...
Gastric-brooding frog. Rheobatrachus, whose members are known as the gastric-brooding frogs or platypus frogs, is a genus of extinct ground-dwelling frogs native to Queensland in eastern Australia. The genus consisted of only two species, the southern and northern gastric-brooding frogs, both of which became extinct in the mid-1980s.
Parthenogenesis in amphibians. Parthenogenesis is a form of reproduction where eggs develop without fertilization, resulting in unisexual species. This phenomenon is closely related with reproductive modes such as hybridogenesis, where fertilization occurs, but the paternal DNA is not passed on. Among amphibians, it is seen in numerous frog and ...