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The Fourteen Infallibles (Arabic: ٱلْمَعْصُومُون ٱلْأَرْبَعَة عَشَر, al-Maʿṣūmūn al-ʾArbaʿah ʿAšar; Persian: چهارده معصومین, Čahârdah Ma'sūmīn) in Twelver Shia Islam are the Islamic prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatima, and the Twelve Imams.
The Shafi'i school or Shafi'ism (Arabic: ٱلْمَذْهَب ٱلشَّافِعِيّ, romanized: al-madhhab al-shāfiʿī) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. [1][2] It was founded by the Muslim scholar, jurist, and traditionist al-Shafi'i (c. 767–820 CE), "the father of Muslim jurisprudence", [3 ...
Imam (/ ɪˈmɑːm /, Arabic: إمام, imām; pl.: أئمة, a'immah) is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic prayers, serve as community leaders, and provide religious guidance. Thus for Sunnis, anyone can study the ...
Al-Shafi'i[ a ] (Arabic: ٱلشَّافِعِيّ, romanized:al-Shāfiʿī; IPA: [a (l) ʃaːfiʕiː] ⓘ;767–820 CE) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, jurist, traditionist, theologian, ascetic, and eponym of the Shafi'i school of Islamic jurisprudence. He is known to be the first to write a book upon the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, having ...
The Ibadi movement or Ibadism (Arabic: الإباضية, romanized:al-ʾIbāḍiyya, Arabic pronunciation: [alʔibaːˈdˤijja]) is a branch inside Islam, which many believe is descended from the Kharijites. [ 3 ] The followers of Ibadism are known as the Ibadis or, as they call themselves, The People of Truth and Integrity (Arabic: أهل ...
The Hanafi school or Hanafism (Arabic: ٱلْمَذْهَب ٱلْحَنَفِيّ, romanized:al-madhhab al-ḥanafī) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. [ 1 ] It was established by the 8th-century scholar, jurist, and theologian Abu Hanifa (c.699–767 CE), a follower whose legal views were primarily ...
According to Twelvers, there is at all times an Imam of the era who is the divinely appointed authority on all matters of faith and law in the Muslim community. Ali , a cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad, was the first of the Twelve Imams, and, in the Twelvers view, the rightful successor to Muhammad , followed by male descendants of Muhammad ...
The Imamat, or belief in the divine guide, is a fundamental belief in Shia Islam and is based on the concept that God would not leave humanity without access to divine guidance. [ 4 ] According to the Twelvers, an Imam of the Age is always the divinely appointed authority on all matters of faith and law.