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John Dewey (/ ˈduːi /; October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer. He was one of the most prominent American scholars in the first half of the twentieth century. [ 7 ][ 8 ] The overriding theme of Dewey's works was his profound belief in democracy, be it in politics, education, or ...
v. t. e. Freethought(sometimes spelled free thought) is an unorthodox attitude or belief. [1] A freethinkerholds that beliefsshould not be formed on the basis of authority, tradition, revelation, or dogma,[2]and should instead be reached by other methods such as logic, reason, and empirical observation. [citation needed]According to the Collins ...
Mandaean Beth Manda (Mashkhanna) in Nasiriyah, southern Iraq, in 2016, a contemporary-style mandi. Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: γνωστικός, romanized:gnōstikós, Koine Greek: [ɣnostiˈkos], 'having knowledge') is a collection of religious ideas and systems that coalesced in the late 1st century AD among Jewish and early Christian ...
Peter Abelard. Peter Abelard (/ ˈæbəlɑːrd /; French: Pierre Abélard [abelaʁ]; Latin: Petrus Abaelardus or Abailardus; c.1079 – 21 April 1142) was a medieval French scholastic philosopher, leading logician, theologian, poet, composer and musician. [ 3 ] In philosophy, he is celebrated for his logical solution to the problem of ...
The Thinker of Hamangia (Romanian: Gânditorul de la Hamangia), also known as Thinker of Cernavodă[2] or collectively The Thinker and the Sitting Woman,[3][4] is an archaeological artefact, specifically a terracotta sculpture. This ancient Neolithic figurine is believed to date back to the Hamangia culture, which existed in what is now Romania ...
Epicurus(/ˌɛpɪˈkjʊərəs/, EH-pih-KURE-əs;[2]Greek: ἘπίκουροςEpikouros; 341–270 BC) was an ancient Greek philosopherand sagewho founded Epicureanism, a highly influential school of philosophy. He was born on the Greekisland of Samosto Athenianparents. Influenced by Democritus, Aristippus, Pyrrho,[3]and possibly the Cynics, he ...
The Thinker from Yehud, also known as the Thinker of Palestine, [13] is an archaeological figurine discovered during salvage excavations in the Israeli city of Yehud. The figurine, which sits atop a ceramic jug in a posture resembling "The Thinker", dates back to the Middle Bronze Age II Palestine (c. 1800–1600 BCE). It was found in a tomb ...
Signature. Charles Louis de Secondat, baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu[ a ] (18 January 1689 – 10 February 1755), generally referred to as simply Montesquieu, was a French judge, man of letters, historian, and political philosopher. He is the principal source of the theory of separation of powers, which is implemented in many ...