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Falling film evaporators have a number of advantages over their flooded evaporator counterparts. They require a lower charge, as the entire shell (in the case of horizontal evaporators) or all the tubes (in the case of a vertical evaporator) need not be filled with liquid as a thin film is now used to cover the surfaces.
Short-path vacuum distillation apparatus with vertical condenser (cold finger), to minimize the distillation path; 1: Still pot with stirrer bar/anti-bumping granules 2: Cold finger – bent to direct condensate 3: Cooling water out 4: cooling water in 5: Vacuum/gas inlet 6: Distillate flask/distillate.
Falling film evaporator: Polymer falls down vertical walls, volatiles diffusing on the side that is not in contact with the walls. Tube evaporators: A boiling polymer solution flows downward in a vertical shell and tube heat exchanger into a separator. Polymer is collected at the bottom, vapor is collected via a vacuum system and condensers.
In many cases, the tubes of a rising film evaporator are usually between 3–10 metres (9.8–32.8 ft) in height with a diameter of between 25–50 millimetres (0.98–1.97 in). Sizing this type of evaporator requires a precise evaluation of the actual level of the liquid inside the tubes and the flow rates of the vapor and film.
Natural/forced circulation evaporators have many advantages, making them the more popular choice of evaporator in industry. [ 15 ] The liquid entering the circulation evaporator will boil in the separator, not on a heating surface, hence minimising fouling, whereas with plate evaporators, boiling will occur on a heating surface. [ 15 ]
diagram of a double-effect falling film evaporator. Condensing vapors from flash tank B1 heat evaporator A2. •1=feed •2=product •3=steam •4=vapors. In chemical engineering, a multiple-effect evaporator is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water. [1]
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