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The Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission (CRITFC) is a fishery resource for the treaty tribes of the Columbia River.Under the treaty, the native tribes, the Nez Perce Tribe, Warm Springs Reservation Tribe, and Umatilla Indian Reservation Tribe, have to the right to fish in the Columbia River, which means their fishery must be reserved and protected.
Dams interrupt the migration of anadromous fish. Salmon and steelhead return to the streams in which they were born to spawn; where dams prevent their return, entire populations of salmon die. Some of the Columbia and Snake River dams employ fish ladders, which are effective to varying degrees at allowing these fish to travel upstream.
The bridgelip sucker (Catostomus columbianus) is a fish in the family Catostomidae that occupies the Columbia River system. Like all sucker fish, they live only in fresh water. Bridgelip suckers have a tendency to live in deeper waters during the day and move into shallower water around evening time.
The Columbia sculpin (Cottus hubbsi) is a species of fish in the family Cottidae. It is found in the United States and Canada, inhabiting the Columbia River drainage and Harney Basin in Oregon, British Columbia, Idaho, Washington, and Nevada. It reaches a maximum length of 11.2 cm. [2] It prefers rocky riffles of headwaters and creeks.
The Northern pikeminnow, Columbia River dace or colloquially Squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) is a large member of the minnow family, Leuciscidae. [2] This predatory freshwater fish is native to northwestern North America, ranging from the Nass River basin to the Columbia River basin. [ 2 ]
White sturgeon also play a role in sport fishing in the Pacific Northwest, while closed to retention in the Columbia River Basin, catch and release fishing is allowed, with enough popularity for guiding services to offer fishing trips targeted specifically at white sturgeon. [citation needed]
In a 2016 an action plan implementation progress report stated the population is "maintained" showing no significant upward or downward trend in the yearly number of returning adults in an experimental small tributary to the Deschutes River. [15] However, fish counts at Boneville Dam, on the Columbia River below the Deschutes confluence have ...
A large shad population occurs in the Columbia River. In recent years, shad counts at Bonneville and The Dalles Dams have ranged from over two million to over five million fish per year. Spawning shad returned to Columbia in May and June and migrated above Lower Granite Dam on the Snake River and above Priest Rapids Dam on the Upper Columbia ...