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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
Infections associated with diseases are those infections that are associated with possible infectious etiologies that meet the requirements of Koch's postulates. Other methods of causation are described by the Bradford Hill criteria and evidence-based medicine .
Several viral infections have displayed a variety of effects, ranging from asymptomatic to symptomatic or even critical infection, solely based on differing host factors alone. In particular, genetic factors, age and immunocompetence play an important role is dictating whether the viral infection can be modulated by the host.
Viral entry is the earliest stage of infection in the viral life cycle, as the virus comes into contact with the host cell and introduces viral material into the cell. The major steps involved in viral entry are shown below. [1]
In microbiology, the multiplicity of infection or MOI is the ratio of agents (e.g. phage or more generally virus, bacteria) to infection targets (e.g. cell).For example, when referring to a group of cells inoculated with virus particles, the MOI is the ratio of the number of virus particles to the number of target cells present in a defined space.
The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is a globally used medical classification used in epidemiology, health management and for clinical purposes.The ICD is maintained by the World Health Organization (WHO), which is the directing and coordinating authority for health within the United Nations System. [1]
Based on symptoms Supportive care No Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Yes: Coxsackie B virus: Coxsackie B virus infection Enterovirus infection is diagnosed mainly via serological tests such as ELISA and from cell culture. There is no well-accepted treatment for the Coxsackie B ...
ICD has a hierarchical structure, and coding in this context, is the term applied when representations are assigned to the words they represent. [30] Coding diagnoses and procedures is the assignment of codes from a code set that follows the rules of the underlying classification or other coding guidelines.