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Perforated bear teeth (worn on necklaces) have been found in caves in County Clare. [6] A bear patella bearing butchery marks has been dated to 10860–10641 BC; it was found in the Alice and Gwendoline Cave, County Clare. DNA studies have shown that the Irish bear was intermediate between the modern brown bear and modern polar bear. [7]
Bears have been hunted since prehistoric times for their meat and fur; they have also been used for bear-baiting and other forms of entertainment, such as being made to dance. With their powerful physical presence, they play a prominent role in the arts , mythology , and other cultural aspects of various human societies.
Glacier bears, like all other black bears, are omnivores, with their diets varying depending on the food source available during the season and the location. [13] Their diet includes young shoots and roots in early spring. During the summer in Alaska, the glacier bear eats the abundant Pacific salmon spawning in the streams.
It is also called the European brown bear, common brown bear, common bear, and colloquially by many other names. The genetic diversity of present-day brown bears ( Ursus arctos ) has been extensively studied over the years and appears to be geographically structured into five main clades based upon analysis of the mtDNA .
A pronounced muscular hump appears on adult grizzlies' shoulders; black bears do not have this hump. Aside from the distinguishing hump a grizzly bear can be identified by a "dished in" profile of their face with short, rounded ears, whereas a black bear has a straight face profile and longer ears. [33]
Most bears are 1.2–2 m (4–7 ft) long, plus a 3–20 cm (1–8 in) tail, though the polar bear is 2.2–2.44 m (7–8 ft) long, and some subspecies of brown bear can be up to 2.8 m (9 ft). Weights range greatly from the sun bear , which can be as low as 35 kg (77 lb), to the polar bear, which can be as high as 726 kg (1,600 lb).
Brown bears have the broadest skull of any extant ursine bear. [43] The width of the zygomatic arches in males is 17.5 to 27.7 cm (6.9 to 10.9 in), and 14.7 to 24.7 cm (5.8 to 9.7 in) in females. [49] Brown bears have strong jaws: the incisors and canine teeth are large, with the lower canines being strongly curved. The first three molars of ...
Cave bear teeth were very large and show greater wear than most modern bear species, suggesting a diet of tough materials. However, tubers and other gritty food, which cause distinctive tooth wear in modern brown bears, do not appear to have constituted a major part of cave bears' diets on the basis of dental microwear analysis. [20]