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The ABO blood group system is used to denote the presence of one, both, or neither of the A and B antigens on erythrocytes (red blood cells). [1] For human blood transfusions , it is the most important of the 44 different blood type (or group) classification systems currently recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusions (ISBT ...
The ABO blood group system involves two antigens and two antibodies found in human blood. The two antigens are antigen A and antigen B. The two antibodies are antibody A and antibody B. The antigens are present on the red blood cells and the antibodies in the serum. Regarding the antigen property of the blood all human beings can be classified ...
Histo-blood group ABO system transferase is an enzyme with glycosyltransferase activity, which is encoded by the ABO gene in humans. [5] [6] It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. [7] ABO determines the ABO blood group of an individual by modifying the oligosaccharides on cell surface glycoproteins. Variations in the ...
The H antigen is required for ABO blood group antigens to be formed. [note 1] The Se gene, which encodes the enzyme α-2-L-fucosyltransferase, controls the formation of H antigen in bodily secretions. In people with the secretor genotype, the enzyme converts a precursor substance found in body fluids to the H antigen, which is then modified by ...
The term human blood group systems is defined by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) as systems in the human species where cell-surface antigens—in particular, those on blood cells—are "controlled at a single gene locus or by two or more very closely linked homologous genes with little or no observable recombination between them", [1] and include the common ABO and Rh ...
Antigens from the human ABO blood group system are also found in apes and Old World monkeys, and the types trace back to the origin of anthropoids. [1] Other animal blood sometimes agglutinates (to varying levels of intensity) with human blood group reagents , but the structure of the blood group antigens in animals is not always identical to ...
Developing fetuses and newborns express i antigen until around 13-20 months after birth, when I antigen starts to be expressed instead. [3] Like ABH antigens, which make up the ABO blood group, I and i antigens are not restricted to the red blood cell membrane, but are found on most human cells and in body fluids such as saliva. [1]
For example, in the ABO blood type classification system, if a person has blood type A, then the red blood cells exhibit agglutinogens A or antigens A. If the blood is of type B, the agglutinogens present are of type B. If the blood is of type AB, then both agglutinogens A and B are present. In blood type O, there are no agglutinogens on the ...