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Unlike the other group 2 metals, beryllium does not react with hydrogen. [3] Instead, BeH 2 is prepared from preformed beryllium(II) compounds. It was first synthesized in 1951 by treating dimethylberyllium, Be(CH 3) 2, with lithium aluminium hydride, LiAlH 4. [4] Purer BeH 2 forms from the pyrolysis of di-tert-butylberyllium, Be(C[CH 3] 3) 2 ...
The other form resembles zinc iodide with interconnected adamantane-like cages. [4] In contrast, BeF 2 is a 3-dimensional polymer, with a structure akin to that of quartz. In the gas phase, BeCl 2 exists both as a linear monomer and a bridged dimer with two bridging chlorine atoms where the beryllium atom is 3-coordinate. [5]
Beryllium is an exception: It does not react with water or steam unless at very high temperatures, [10] and its halides are covalent. If beryllium did form compounds with an ionization state of +2, it would polarize electron clouds that are near it very strongly and would cause extensive orbital overlap, since
Beryllium iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Be I 2. It is a hygroscopic white solid. The Be 2+ cation, which is relevant to salt-like BeI 2, is characterized by the highest known charge density (Z/r = 6.45), making it one of the hardest cations and a very strong Lewis acid. [4]
Organoberyllium chemistry involves the synthesis and properties of organometallic compounds featuring the group 2 alkaline earth metal beryllium (Be). [2] The area remains less developed relative to the chemistry of other main-group elements , because Be compounds are toxic and few applications have been found.
Beryllium fluoride has distinctive optical properties. In the form of fluoroberyllate glass, it has the lowest refractive index for a solid at room temperature of 1.275. Its dispersive power is the lowest for a solid at 0.0093, and the nonlinear coefficient is also the lowest at 2 × 10 −14.
The natural pure beryllium hydroxide is rare (in form of the mineral behoite, orthorhombic) or very rare (clinobehoite, monoclinic). [8] [9] When alkali is added to beryllium salt solutions the α-form (a gel) is formed. If this left to stand or boiled, the rhombic β-form precipitates. [10]
A polar molecule has a net dipole as a result of the opposing charges (i.e. having partial positive and partial negative charges) from polar bonds arranged asymmetrically. Water (H 2 O) is an example of a polar molecule since it has a slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other. The dipoles do not cancel out ...